V-doped TiO2 quantum dots (QDs) possessing many Ti(3+) defects were fabricated by simple hydrolysis using MCM-41 as a support. The QDs show high charge-separation efficiency and high photocatalytic activity due to the quantum size effect and the newly formed defect- and dopant-mediated band levels.

Cu2ZnSnS4 nanoparticles with sizes of 2-5 nm, synthesized in hot organic solutions, exhibited size-dependent photoelectrochemical properties due to the quantum size effect. The potentials of the valence band edge and conduction band edge of the nanoparticles, experimentally determined by photoelectrochemical measurements, were shifted more positively and more negatively, respectively, with a de...

during recent years, examining the performance of contrarian strategies has been taken into consideration by scholars and stock market's activists, though several evidences are available based on profitability of this type of strategies, much of them have been referred to american and european's stock markets. in current study, the act of these strategies will be examined in tehran&ap...

We analyze the Landau problem and quantum Hall effect on S 3 taking a constant background field proportional to the spin connection on S 3. The effective strength of the field can be tuned by changing the dimension of the representation to which the fermions belong. The effective action for the edge excitations of a quantum Hall droplet in the limit of a large number of fermions is obtained. We...