1. Geometrical Optics 1.1 Fermat’s Principle and Law of Refraction 1.2 First Order Optics 1.3 Aberrations 2. Wave Optics 2.1 Diffraction 2.2 Young’s Double Slit 2.3 Interferometers and Coherence of Light Sources 3. Photon or Quantum Optics 4. Optical Instruments 4.1 Magnifiers 4.2 Ophthalmic Lenses 4.3 Telescopes and Microscopes 4.4 Medical Optical Instruments 4.5 Projectors 5. Optical Metrolog...

The development of optical nanofibers (ONF) and the study and control of their optical properties when coupling atoms to their electromagnetic modes has opened new possibilities for their use in quantum optics and quantum information science. These ONFs offer tight optical mode confinement (less than the wavelength of light) and diffraction-free propagation. The small cross section of the trans...

Entanglement--one of the most delicate phenomena in nature--is an essential resource for quantum information applications. Scalable photonic quantum devices must generate and control qubit entanglement on-chip, where quantum information is naturally encoded in photon path. Here we report a silicon photonic chip that uses resonant-enhanced photon-pair sources, spectral demultiplexers and reconfi...

The Einstein‟s program enables a theoretical economy for quantum double slit experiment, in its wave-particle duality behavior, with the unification of first and second quantifications for light and matter. It introduces a space-like amplitude function u(r,t), which completes the usual time-like functions ψ(r,t) of quantum mechanics and quantum fields. The Einstein‟s program is founded upon a s...

We show how the input–output formalism for cascaded quantum systems combined with the quantum trajectory approach yields a compact and physically intuitive description of single photons propagating through a coupled cavity array. As a new application, we obtain the time-dependent spectrum of such a single photon, which directly reflects the fact that only certain frequency components of single-...

We introduce a general mapping for encoding quantum communication protocols involving pure states of multiple qubits, unitary transformations, and projective measurements into another set of protocols that employ coherent states of light in a superposition of optical modes, linear optics transformations and measurements with single-photon threshold detectors. This provides a general framework f...