Neural circuits have long been known to modulate myogenic muscles such as the heart, yet a mechanistic understanding at the cellular and molecular levels remains limited. We studied how light inhibits pumping of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx, a myogenic muscular pump for feeding, and found three neural circuits that alter pumping. First, light inhibits pumping via the I2 neuron monosynapti...

[1] The classic Ghyben‐Herzberg estimate of the depth of the freshwater‐saltwater interface together with the Dupuit approximation is a useful tool for developing analytical solutions to many seawater intrusion problems. On the basis of these assumptions, Strack (1976) developed a single‐potential theory to calculate critical pumping rates in a coastal pumping scenario. The sharp interface assu...

Experimental hydraulic heads and electrical (self-potential) signals associated with a pumping test were used in an inverse model to estimate the transmissivity distribution of a real aquifer. Several works reported in the literature show that there is a relatively good linear relationship between the hydraulic heads in the aquifer and electrical signals measured at the ground surface. In this ...

The ATP-driven Plasma Membrane Calcium pump or Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) is characterized by a high affinity for calcium and a low transport rate compared to other transmembrane calcium transport proteins. It plays a crucial role for calcium extrusion from cells. Calmodulin is an intracellular calcium buffering protein which is capable in its Ca(2+) liganded form of stimulating the PMCA by increasin...

BACKGROUND The lower limb muscle may play an important role in decreasing the heart's pumping workload. Aging and inactivity cause atrophy and weakness of the muscle, leading to a loss of the heart-assisting role. An electrical lower limb muscle stimulator can prevent atrophy and weakness more effectively than conventional resistance training; however, it has been reported to increase the heart...

The pumping of water from a sand box with a finer layer on the top was studied theoretically and experimentally. The sand box, saturated at its lower portion and initially in hydrostatic equilibrium, was pumped at constant rate. The results show that significant negative air pressure can be generated in the vadose zone during pumping. The negative air pressure increases quickly in the earlier s...

The present paper reports the implementation of a neural network technique to predict ground settlement as occasioned by dewatering activities of a long-term large-scale drainage project. The objective of the project is to lower and maintain the level of the ground water table in urban areas through a system of a non-stop pumping wells whose layout and operation rate are determined and implemen...

We investigated the combined effectiveness of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation and hyperosmotic mannitol (25%) on regional myocardial blood flow during acute coronary insufficiency. Cardiac output and paced heart rate were held constant in chloralose-anesthetized dogs during right heart bypass. Acute coronary insufficiency was produced by ligation of the proximal left anterior descending c...

Animals integrate physiological and environmental signals to modulate their food uptake. Failure to regulate feeding may have devastating results, including obesity and diabetes, underscoring the importance of understanding its underlying mechanisms. The nematode C. elegans, whose food uptake consists of pumping bacteria from the environment into the gut, provides excellent opportunities for di...