This paper presents a hybrid watermarking technique which mixes additive and multiplicative watermark embedding with emphasis on its robustness versus the imperceptibility of the watermark. The embedding is performed in six wavelet sub-bands using independently three embedding equations and two parameters to modulate the embedding strength for multiplicative and additive embedding. The watermar...

H.Schießl, J. Willnecker Ph.D. Stratec Medizintechnik GmbH Durlacher Str. 35 D-751 72 Pforzheim, Germany According to the mechanostat theory, the mechanical loads on bones help to determine bone strength, and the largest loads come from muscle forces. Indeed, recent studies found that muscle strength and the bending strength of bone are highly correlated (r>0.93), and bone ,,mass“ and muscle ma...

2011 International Workshop on ADC Modelling, Testing and Data Converter Analysis and Design and IEEE 2011 ADC Forum June 30 July 1, 2011. Orvieto, Italy. microcontroller THRESHOLD Energy Detector

Contemporary theory of spiking neuronal networks is based on the linear response of the integrate-and-fire neuron model derived in the diffusion limit. We find that for non-zero synaptic weights, the response to transient inputs differs qualitatively from this approximation. The response is instantaneous rather than exhibiting low-pass characteristics, non-linearly dependent on the input amplit...

27 Using the paired-pulse paradigm, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has 28 revealed much about the human primary motor cortex (M1). A preceding 29 subthreshold conditioning stimulus (CS) inhibits the excitability of the motor cortex, 30 which is named short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI). In contrast, facilitation is 31 observed when the first pulse (S1) is followed by a secon...

We examined laser action in a two-dimensional amplifying and scattering medium consisting of random array of dye-doped plastic fiber. When the excitation pulse energy was increased, the parallel emission component to the fiber first reached the laser threshold showing spectral collapse, and then further increase in the excitation pulse energy resulted in the subsequent laser action in the perpe...

Ultrafast light-material interactions near the damage threshold are often studied using postmortem analysis of damaged dielectric materials. Corresponding simulations of ultrashort pulse propagation through the material are frequently used to gain additional insight into the processes leading to such damage. However, comparison between such experimental and numerical results is often qualitativ...

The laser-induced retinal injury thresholds for repetitive-pulse exposures to 100-μs-duration pulses at a wavelength of 532 nm have been determined for exposures of up to 1000 pulses in an in vivo model. The ED50 was measured for pulse repetition frequencies of 50 and 1000 Hz. Exposures to collimated beams producing a minimal retinal beam spot and to divergent beams producing a 100-μm-diameter ...