UNLABELLED The northern European taxa of genus Melanostoma Schiner, 1860 (Syrphidae, Diptera) are revised. A longstanding question concerning the number of Melanostoma taxa occurring in northern Europe prompted us to contrast and compare their morphological and molecular variability. Particular uncertainty concerned the putative existence of a sibling species of Melanostoma mellinum, and the id...

The kinematics of turning manoeuvres and the distance-time performance in escape responses of startled angelfish {Pterophyllum eimekei) are investigated employing high-speed cinematography (400Hz). All escape responses observed are C-type fast-starts, in which the fish assumes a C shape at the end of the initial body contraction (stage 1). Kinematic analysis of the subsequent stage (stage 2) al...

In 2014, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), a member of the genus Megalocytivirus, was detected for the first time in ornamental fish in Germany. Since 2013, angelfish Pterophyllum spp. originating from Colombia have experienced significant epizootics in a number of German retailers' facilities. The diseased fish showed symptoms such as increased ventilation, swollen gills, an...

In agricultural landscapes, forest herbs live in small, spatially isolated patches. For their long-term survival, populations depend on animals as genetic linkers that provide pollen- or seed-mediated gene flow among different However, whether insect pollinators serve herb landscapes remains to be shown. Here, we used population methods analyze: (A) the diversity and differentiation of two comm...

Cytogenetic studies were conducted on three discus species which inhabit the Amazon in Brazil: Symphysodon haraldi from Manacapuru, S. aequifasciatus from Tefé and S. discus from Barcelos. All individuals showed 2n=60 chromosomes, most of them biarmed. No sexual chromosomal heteromorphism was verified. However, different karyotypic formulae, owing to the presence of subtelocentric chromosomes, ...

To understand Earth´s climate variability and improve predictions of future change, studying past climates is an important avenue to explore. A previously published record pCO2, across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary (TJB, ~201 Ma) East Greenland, showed that Bennettitales (Anamozamites Pterophyllum) responded in parallel empirically proven pCO2-responders Ginkgoales, reducing their stomatal den...