Recent theoretical developments in the studies of two-photon exchange effects in elastic electron-proton scattering are reviewed. Two-photon exchange mechanism is considered a likely source of discrepancy between polarized and unpolarized experimental measurements of the proton electric form factor at momentum transfers of several GeV. This mechanism predicts measurable effects that are current...

polarization causes Q1ftf partly to cance12 Qu' and so to reduce the calculated MO approximation DNQ, making it agree better with the observed value.2~ This improvement most probably much outweighs the contrary effects obtained by optimizing Z*. The effect on DNQ of using polarized AO's is quite different in the AO than in the MO approximation. Referring to an earlier paragraph on the variation...

We comment on the proposed measurement of the spin-depolarisation parameter Dnn in the strangeness-exchange reaction p̄p → ΛΛ. It is shown that the existing data on the correlation coefficients Cij limit the range allowed for Dnn. There is a renewed interest in the strangeness-exchange reaction p̄p → ΛΛ, due to the results of PS185 collaboration at CERN, which has measured the cross-section σ, th...

Identification and characterization of structural fluctuations that occur under native conditions is crucial for understanding protein folding and function, but such fluctuations are often rare and transient, making them difficult to study. Native-state hydrogen exchange (NSHX) has been a powerful tool for identifying such rarely populated conformations, but it generally reveals no information ...

The photoreactions of diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO) and triisopropylamine (TIPA) with the sensitizers anthraquinone (AQ) and xanthone (XA) or benzophenone (BP) were investigated by time-resolved photo-CIDNP (photochemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) experiments. By varying the radical-pair concentration, it was ensured that these measurements respond only to self-exchange reacti...

Graphene oxide (GO) contains several chemical functional groups that are attached to the graphite basal plane and can be manipulated to tailor GO for specific applications. It is now revealed that the reaction of GO with ozone results in a high level of oxidation, which leads to significantly improved ionic (protonic) conductivity of the GO. Freestanding ozonated GO films were synthesized and u...

We calculate the differential cross section and single-polarization observables for the reaction γ p → Φ p within perturbative QCD, treating the proton as a quark-diquark system. The phenomenological couplings of gauge bosons to (spatially extended) diquarks and the quark-diquark distribution amplitude of the proton are adopted from previous investigations of baryon form factors and two-photon ...

The possibility of substituting Pt/C with the hydrogen storage alloy MlNi3.6Co0.85Al0.3Mn0.3 as the anode active material of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell system has been analyzed. The electrochemical properties indicate that a much more electrochemically active anode is obtained by impregnating the active material loaded anode in a Nafion proton conducting polymer. Such performance impr...

The production of φ-mesons in proton-proton collisions is investigated within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The experimental prerequisites for extracting the NNφ coupling strength from this reaction are discussed. In the absence of a sufficient set of data, which would enable an accurate determination of the NNφ coupling strength, we perform a combined analysis, ...