output characteristics of fuel cells are affected by a large number of parameters such as geometry, dimensions, construction materials and conditions of supplying fluids. in this paper a mathematical model followed by a two-dimensional numerical approach has been presented to study the fuel cell parametrically. effect of oxygen concentration at gas diffusion layer entrance, temperature and pres...

An essential requirement for an operating PEM fuel cell is providing proper water content in the membrane. To avoid water flooding an appropriate water balance is required. Here, an analytic model of a planar membrane humidifier for PEM fuel cell is proposed where the effect of dimensional parameters includes membrane thickness, membrane area and channel hydraulic diameter are investigated. A N...

Hydrogen is attracting attention as a good energy-storage medium for renewable energy. Among hydrogen production technologies using energy, water electrolysis drawing key technology green In particular, polymeric electrolyte membrane systems have several advantages compared to other types of technologies, such small size and mass, high efficiency, low operating temperature, power consumption. H...

Effective water management is particularly critical for fuel cells fed by hydrogen/oxygen. An ejector an optimal device the gas recirculation subsystem of a proton exchange membrane cell (PEMFC) and usually adopted auxiliary drainage hydrogen/oxygen stacks. To explore performance degradation operating in dual ejector-based mode both anode cathode, dynamic characteristics purging PEMFC was studi...

Utilization of membrane humidifiers is one of the methods commonly used to humidify reactant gases in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In this study, polymeric porous membranes with different compositions were prepared to be used in a membrane humidifier module and were employed in a humidification test. Three different neural network models were developed to investigate several...

The role of water and electrolyte influxes in anoxia-induced plasma membrane disruption was investigated using rabbit proximal tubule suspension. The results indicated that normal proximal tubule (PT) cells have a great capacity for expanding cell volume in response to water influx, whereas anoxia increases the susceptibility to water influx-induced disruption, and this was attenuated by glycin...

Diffusioosmosis of an electrolyte solution is the electrokinetic flow involving a tangential concentration gradient of the electrolyte that interacts with a charged wall. Electrolyte solutions with a concentration gradient of order 1 M/cm along solid surfaces with a zeta potential of order kT/e (~25 mV; e is the charge of a proton, k is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature)...

The transmembrane electrical potential (TMEP) in a forward osmosis membrane process with a single electrolyte solution as the draw and feed solutions was investigated by experiments. The effects of membrane orientation, the electrolyte species (KCl, NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2), concentration and concentration ratio of solutions at both sides of membrane on water flux and TMEP were investigated. The...