This commentary explores the importance of considering the biopsychosocial model and contextual factors when prescribing exercise. Diverse exercise programs for patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) produce similar outcomes, without one specific exercise protocol demonstrating clear superiority. One clear barrier to positive outcomes is poor exercise adherence. We suggest that there are ce...

BACKGROUND Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of fall prevention conducted in community settings have recently been systematically reviewed. OBJECTIVE To augment this review by analysing older people's participation in the trials and engagement with the interventions. DESIGN Review of the 99 single and multifactorial RCTs included in the Cochrane systematic review of falls prevention inter...

BACKGROUND Recognizing the value of promoting public access to clinical trial protocols, Trials pioneered the way for their publication over a decade ago. However, despite major advances in the public accessibility of information about trial methods and results, protocol sharing remains relatively rare. MAIN BODY Protocol sharing facilitates the critical appraisal of clinical trials and helps...

It is notoriously hard to correctly implement a multiparty protocol which involves asynchronous/concurrent interactions and the constraints on states of multiple participants. To assist developers in implementing such protocols, we propose a novel specification language to specify interactions within multiple object-oriented actors and the sideeffects on heap memory of those actors; a behaviora...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of universal prophylactic targeting with iron sulfate on daily or weekly basis in the prevention of anemia in infants. METHODS Randomized clinical field trial with children between ages six and 12 months seen at primary health care units in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2004 and 2005. Three concurrent cohorts were compared: daily g...

Aim: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal approach that aims to optimize perioperative treatment. Whether elderly patients receiving colorectal surgery can adhere to and benefit from an ERAS approach is uncertain. The aim of this study was to compare patients in different age groups participating in an ERAS program. Method: In this substudy of a randomized controlled trial, we...

Purpose: Poor oral health is a known predictor of aspiration pneumonia in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and chronically ill. This study examined feasibility using myofunctional devices during 5-week intervention for management care dysphagia residents residential aged-care facility. Method: Feasibility was determined through evaluation recruitment retention rates, adherence to inte...

BackgroundSepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early recognition treatment sepsis associated with improved outcome. The emergency department (ED) the where patients seek care. However, in ED remains difficult. Different alert triage systems, screening scores intervention strategies have been developed to assist clinicians early optimize management.ObjectivesThis narrati...

BACKGROUND For intervention studies that require the use of participant self-reports, the quality and accuracy of recorded data and variability in participant adherence rates to the treatment can cause significant outcome bias. PURPOSE To assess the quality and accuracy of participant documentation of daily self-monitoring of leg skin temperature, adherence to a graduated cooling treatment pr...

conclusions those with inadequate health literacy had lower kidney knowledge and lower adherence compared to those with adequate health literacy. after controlling for education, health literacy was significantly associated with kidney knowledge and adherence. patients with higher health literacy had higher kidney knowledge and adherence behaviors. in addition, knowledge was a mediator of healt...