The convergent total synthesis of polycarcin V, a gilvocarcin-type natural product that shows significant cytotoxicity with selectivity for nonsmall-cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma cells, has been achieved in 13 steps from 7, 8, and 22; the sequence features a stereoselective α-C-glycosylation reaction for the union of protected carbohydrate 7 and naphthol 8. The association const...

The chemical synthesis of a series of mucin-type oligosaccharide fragments 1-7 containing an α-linked aminopropyl spacer ready for glycoarray attachment is reported. A highly convergent and stereoselective strategy that employs two different orthogonal protected galactosamine building blocks was used to access all of the targets. A tandem deprotection sequence, that did not require chromatograp...

Observations of the Sun with the LOWL instrument provide a homogeneous set of solar p-mode frequencies from low to intermediate degree which allows one to determine the structure of much of the solar interior avoiding systematic errors that are introduced when diierent data sets are combined, i.e., principally the eeects of solar cycle changes on the frequencies. Unfortunately, the LOWL data se...

The eeect on p-mode frequencies of changing the near-surface structure of solar models is investigated. As is well known, changes connned to the near-surface region have little eeect on the low-frequency p modes: this is as one would expect from a simple asymp-totic description which shows that these modes have upper turning points located well beneath the photosphere. However, some examples of...

Observations of the Sun with the LOWL instrument provide a homogeneous set of solar p-mode frequencies from low to intermediate degree which allows one to determine the structure of much of the solar interior avoiding systematic errors that are introduced when diierent data sets are combined, i.e., principally the eeects of solar cycle changes on the frequencies. Unfortunately, the LOWL data se...

x So far, we have substantially failed to demonstrate that SPT is useful. Also organizations still hesitate to adopt SPI methods.

dena biosphere reserve located in iran and is a 550 biosphere reserve in the worlds. this research was investigated in the two protected and non-protected areas, in a dena biosphere reserve, kohkeloye va boyrahmad province, and central zagros forest, southwest of iran. inventory methods designed by systemetic-randomaiz method by use the rectangular plots that were 15×30 meters in the 100×100 m ...

Dena Biosphere Reserve located in Iran and is a 550 Biosphere Reserve in the worlds. This research was investigated in the two protected and non-protected areas, in a Dena Biosphere Reserve, Kohkeloye va Boyrahmad province, and central zagros forest, southwest of Iran. Inventory methods designed by systemetic-randomaiz method by use the rectangular plots that were 15×30 meters in the 100×100 m ...

Melanocyte-stimulating hormones, α-, β- and γ-MSH, regulate important physiological functions including energy homeostasis, inflammation and sodium metabolism. Previous studies have shown that α-MSH increases sodium excretion and promotes vascular function in rodents, but it is unexplored whether these characteristics of α-MSH could translate into therapeutic benefits in the treatment of hypert...

Observations of the Sun with the LOWL instrument provide a homogeneous set of solar p-mode frequencies from low to intermediate degree which allows one to determine the structure of much of the solar interior avoiding systematic errors that are introduced when different data sets are combined, i.e., principally the effects of solar cycle changes on the frequencies. Unfortunately, the LOWL data ...