The hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I(h)), mediated by HCN channels, contributes to intrinsic neuronal properties, synaptic integration and network rhythmicity. Recent studies have implicated HCN channels in neuropathological conditions including epilepsy. While native HCN channels have been studied at the macroscopic level, the biophysical characteristics of individual neuronal HCN...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an endogenously produced small molecule, protects animals from various stresses. Recent studies demonstrate that animals exposed to H2S are long lived, resistant to hypoxia, and resistant to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We performed a forward genetic screen to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms Caenorhabditis elegans uses to appropriately respond to H2S. At leas...

We present an imaging survey of the CO(1–0), HCN(1–0), and HCO(1–0) lines in the nearby Seyfert galaxies using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array and RAINBOW Interferometer. Some of the observed Seyfert galaxies including NGC 1068, NGC 1097, NGC 5033, and NGC 5194 exhibit strong HCN(1–0) emission on a few 100 pc scales. The observed HCN(1–0)/CO(1–0) and HCN(1–0)/HCO(1–0) line ratios in the Seyfert n...

BACKGROUND The pacemaker current I(f) contributes to spontaneous diastolic depolarization of cardiac autonomic cells. In heterologous expression, HCN channels exhibit a hyperpolarization-activated inward current similar to I(f). However, the links between HCN genes and native I(f) are largely inferential, and it remains unknown whether I(f) is essential for cardiac pacing. METHODS AND RESULTS...

BACKGROUND A number of studies have shown that ethanol (EtOH) activates dopamine neurocircuitries and is self-administered into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the rat brain. In vitro and in silico studies have showed that hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ionic channels on VTA dopamine neurons may constitute a molecular target of EtOH; however, there is no in vivo e...

Proteases are important enzymes that their role in various industries is undeniable. However, keeping enzymes stable during its activity in harsh conditions is so important. In this study, protease enzyme was immobilized on the porous silica particles and its stability in different temperatures and pHs was evaluated. First silica particles were aminated by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane then the ...

the date palm fruit stalk borer is one of the most important pests of date palm in the world. biochemical properties of digestive proteases in oryctes elegans prell larvae were investigated in this research and optimal total proteolytic and trypsin activities were obtained at ph 9.0 and 11.0, respectively. activity staining of protease on sds-page showed one isoform. also, zymogram pattern of t...

This paper reports the results of our use of Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy to extend the study of highly excited vibrational states in HCN. We extend our previous study of the HCN isotopomer, reporting on some weaker bands between 17 500 and 19 500 cm. We also report spectra of overtone and combination bands with six, seven, and eight quanta of stretching vibration in the isotopomers HCN and HC...

The N/N ratio for N2 in the atmosphere of Titan was recently measured to be a factor of 2 higher than the corresponding ratio for HCN. Using a one-dimensional photochemical model with transport, we incorporate new isotopic photoabsorption and photodissociation cross sections of N2, computed quantum-mechanically, and show that the difference in the ratio of N/N between N2 and HCN can be explaine...

The architecture and operation of a trace hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas sensor based on quartz-enhanced photo-acoustic spectroscopy and using a λ = 1.53 µm telecommu-nication diode laser are described. The influence of humidity content in the analyzed gas on the sensor performance is investigated. A kinetic model describing the vibrational to translational (V–T) energy transfer following the laser...