We report the complete genome sequence of M013, a representative strain of a pvl-positive, sequence type 59-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type V (ST59-SCCmec type V) community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) clone in Taiwan. Comparison of M013 with the genomes of two CA-MRSA strains in the United States revealed major differences in the regions covering...

Phages are bacteria targeting viruses and represent the most abundant biological entities on earth. Marine environments are exceptionally rich in bacteriophages, harboring a total of 4x1030 viruses. Nevertheless, marine phages remain poorly characterized. Here we describe the identification of intact prophage sequences in the genome of the marine γ-proteobacterium Vibrio campbellii ATCC BAA-111...

Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to complete a collection of mutations in the -35 and -10 hexamers of the ant promoter of Salmonella phage P22. The effects of all 36 single-base-pair substitutions on promoter strength in vivo were measured in strains carrying the mutant promoters fused to an ant-lacZ gene on a single-copy prophage. The results of these assays show that certain cons...

To eliminate the occurrence of virulent phage in industrial fermentation, attempts were made to obtain prophage-cured derivatives from Lactobacillus casei lysogenic strain S-1. A thermoinducible mutant lysogen was isolated from mutagenized strain S-1, since S-1 cannot be induced under laboratory conditions. The mutation responsible for thermoinducibility was located on the prophage. Prophage-cu...

Integration deficient (L) mutants of phage P22 can be complemented with L+ phage to yield L mutant lysogens. Once established the L prophage is stable in the absence of L+ function. Ultraviolet or thermal induction of L lysogens leads to product,ion of defective phage particles and low yields of infectious phage. The defective particles contain a normal amount of DNA but the DNA is mainly bacte...