Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) following surgery for urogenital prolapse remains a problem. Prolapse and SUI commonly co-exist. However, in patients with advanced prolapse, symptomatic SUI is rare owing to the obstructive effect of the prolapsed organ and/or urethral kinking. Terms used in the literature to describe this condition include occult, potential, masked, latent, hidden, iatrogenic...

Tinnitus very often is caused by instability of the craniocervical junction. It very frequently manifests as a high-pitched whistle that disappears after operative correction and stabilization of the articular geometry. Prolapsed intervertebral disks, discoligamentous injury, and even metastases as low as level C3 can cause tinnitus, which also usually disappears after surgery.

Four patients with orbital blowout fractures were evaluated by surface coil MR imaging, and the resulting images were compared with computer reformatted CT scans. The surface coil afforded significant improvement in spatial resolution, resulting in better demonstration of the blowout fracture. Surface coil MR was found superior to CT in the assessment of fracture site, extent of prolapsed orbit...

Scoliosis is a twisting deformation of the spine, including all the related anatomical structures (bones, muscles, ligaments, organs). It is essentially three-dimensional, non reducible and progressive, opposite to “scoliotic attitudes” which are simple compensatory deviation in the frontal plane to lower leg asymmetry, or to secondary deformities corrected after resolving of the cause (infecti...

THE PROLAPSED MITRAL VALVE, or clickmurmur syndrome, continues to evoke interest, concern and controversy. Although the midsystolic click and late systolic murmur were well described in the late 19th century,1 it was not until 1961 that Reid2 suggested the mitral valve as the cause of the click and mitral insufficiency as the cause of the murmur. This was confirmed by angiocardiography and phon...

Background: Intervertebral disc disease is a common condition characterized by the breakdown (degeneration) of one or more discs that separate bones spine (vertebrae), causing pain in back neck and frequently legs arms.Objectives: To assess quality life among patients with chronic low due to prolapsed intervertebral find association between Quality their selected socio-demographic/clinical vari...