One of the most important issues in strategic management is enhancing employees’ motivation to contribute in the implementation of strategies; because they usually do not pay necessary attention to strategies. Accordingly, it is required to consider and calculate their roles in implementing strategies. In terms of employees’ role in the organization, they have managerial (goal setter) and/or no...

The selection of best Information System (IS) project from many competing proposals is a critical business activity which is very helpful to all organizations. While previous IS project selection methods are useful but have restricted application because they handle only cases with precise data. Indeed, these methods are based on precise data with less emphasis on imprecise data. This paper pro...

In the real world, risk and uncertainty are two natural properties in the implementation of Mega projects. Most projects fail to achieve the pre-determined objectives due to uncertainty. A linear integer programming optimization model was used in this work to solve a problem in order to choose the most appropriate risk responses for the project risks. A mathematical model, in which work structu...

Accurate estimating is one of the most important activities in the field of software project management. Different aspects of software projects must be estimated among which time and effort are of significant importance to efficient project planning. Due to complexity of software projects and lack of information at the early stages of project, reliable effort estimation is a challenging issue. ...

In the context of the scope, time, cost, and quality constraints, failure is not uncommon in project management. While small projects have 70% chances of success, large projects virtually have no chance of meeting the quadruple constraints. While there is no dearth of research on project risk management, the manifestation of barriers to project risk management is a less dwelt topic. The success...

conclusions fulminant hepatitis b is associated with distinct mutational patterns of hbv, underlining that genomic diversity of the virus is an important factor determining its pathogenicity. results the most commonly detected diversities affect regulatory motifs of hbv in the core and s region, indicating that these alterations may convert the virus to an aggressive strain. moreover, mutations...

in this research, both resource allocation and reactive resource allocation problems in multi-server dynamic pert networks are analytically modeled, where new projects are expected to arrive according to a poisson process, and activity durations are also known as independent random variables with exponential distributions. such system is represented as a queuing network, where multi servers at ...

this study aims to deal with a more realistic combined problem of project scheduling and material ordering. the goal is to minimize the total material holding and ordering costs by determining the starting time of activities along with material ordering schedules subject to some constraints. the problem is first mathematically modelled. then a hybrid simulated annealing and genetic algorithm is...