the intervention of urban design in irans architectural structures has been for many years a challenging issue for architects and urban designers over their professional realm. the preservation of architectural structures in iran has always resorted to extremes. this control and direction has sometimes resulted in exclusion of architecture position and has sometimes, once faced with lack of pro...

in the past, medical device design always was performed with medical engineers, technicians and physicians in all design stages and the industrial design role was pale in this field. today the industrial design responsibilities in designing of these devices are considered increasingly. the industrial design role in medical device design was investigated in two fields. first are aesthetic and it...

Approaches to teaching “Introduction to Programming” vary considerably. However, two broad categories may be considered: product oriented vs process oriented. Whereas, in the former the final product is most significant, in the latter the process for achieving the final product is also considered very important. Process oriented programming courses strive to equip students with good programming...