Leibniz’s principles made for an elegant and coherent philosophy. In part metaphysical, in part methodological, they addressed fundamental questions in the treatment of symmetry, in the relationship of physics to mathematics, in logic that are if anything even more pressing today than they were in Leibniz’s time. As I shall read them, they also expressed a distinctive and uncompromising form of...

after islamic revolution of 1979, the left wing had a new sphere to act in political eras, and overcastted on the other groups, but as soon as possible, the unreligious left leaved the political scene of iran after revolution. it seems the religious groups –as the only legal political actors- are integrated under “islamic republic party” but so soon, we saw the distinction between them all. jus...

Abstract This paper presents a distinctively metaphysical version of the problem other minds. The main source this lies in principle that, when it comes to consciousness, no distinction can sensibly be drawn between appearance and reality. I will argue unless we want call that into question, should seriously consider possibility accepting conclusion minds are not like our own. option is less pr...

What is cultural ‘appropriation’? ‘appreciation’? Whatever the complex answer to this question, appropriation commonly defined as ‘the taking of something produced by members one culture another’ (Young 2005: 136), whilst appreciation typically understood mere ‘exploration’: ‘Appreciation explores whatever there’. (Gracyk 2007: 112). These provisional definitions suggest that there an in-princi...