Objective: Several lab and field experiments have shown that goal priming interventions can be highly effective in promoting healthy food choices. Less is known, however, about the mechanisms by which goal priming affects food choice. This experiment tested the hypothesis that goal priming affects food choices through changes in visual attention. Specifically, it was hypothesized that priming w...

The increasing evidence that language processing is sensitive to lexical and structural co-occurrences at different levels of granularity and abstraction (Jurafsky, Bell, Gregory, & Raymond, 2001; Bybee, 2006) has led to the hypothesis that lexical and structural processing may be unified (MacDonald, Pearlmutter, & Seidenberg, 1994; Jurafsky, 1996). This paper examines the specific hypothesis t...

It is well known that priming stimulation promotes the motivational effects of intracranial self-stimulation(ICSS) behavior. An experimental methodology using the runway method could separately study the reward and motivational effects of ICSS behavior. In the present study, we examined the motivational effect of nicotine as measured by the runway method using priming stimulation of ICSS behavi...

Two experiments investigated the influence of automatic and strategic processes on associative priming effects in a perceptual identification task in which prime-target pairs are briefly presented and masked. In this paradigm, priming is defined as a higher percentage of correctly identified targets for related pairs than for unrelated pairs. In Experiment 1, priming was obtained for mediated w...

The inverse priming paradigm can be considered one example which demonstrates the operation of control processes in the absence of conscious experience of the inducing stimuli. Inverse priming is generated by a prime that is followed by a mask and a subsequent imperative target stimulus. With "relevant" masks that are composed of the superposition of both prime alternatives, the inverse priming...

Immune specificity is the degree to which a host's immune system discriminates among various pathogens or antigenic variants. Vertebrate immune memory is highly specific due to antibody responses. On the other hand, some invertebrates show immune priming, i.e. improved survival after secondary exposure to a previously encountered pathogen. Until now, specificity of priming has only been demonst...

Five experiments explored the effect of acoustic changes between study and test on implicit and explicit memory for spoken words. Study-test changes in the speaker's voice, intonation, and fundamental frequency produced significant impairments of auditory priming on implicit tests of auditory identification and stem completion but had little or no effect on explicit recall and recognition tests...

Six experiments investigate syntactic priming online via a picture description task in which participants produce target sentences whose initial phrase is syntactically similar or dissimilar to that of the prime sentence produced on the previous trial. In the ®rst experiment it is shown that a syntactically related prime sentence speeds onset latencies to a subsequent target sentence by approxi...

In recent years, the number of applications of synthesized speech software in the English-language classroom has increased. However, it still remains unclear whether synthesized speech has the same learning effects as real voice in second-language word recognition. This study investigated auditory word priming in Japanese learners of English and the vocal repetition data was used to measure the...

The semantic priming effect is shown to be modulated by the instruction to maintain the prime word while conducting a lexical decision to the target. Specifically, the priming effect is absent in situations of prime-retention. An extended version of Dagenbach and Carr’s (1994) Center-Surround hypothesis is proposed, in which the prime-retention effect, the absence of priming under prime-retenti...