Astronauts and robots must collaborate effectively to safely and efficiently explore harsh extraterrestrial environments. This paper describes a basic planning tool to distribute tasks among a hybrid human-astronaut team, then examines likely scenarios in which an astronaut either deviates from the plan (e.g., to opportunistically explore) or requires assistance from a rover (e.g., when in dist...

A new species from Iran is described and illustrated here as Kickxia iranica (Plantaginaceae). Kickxia iranica is morphologically similar to K. commutata, a species native to Mediterranean region, however it can be distinguished from the latter by leaf shape, color of corolla, habit, stem branching and length of leaf, petiole, pedicel and corolla. Notes on its distribution, ecology and phenolog...

The retinotectal projection is the predominant model for studying molecular mechanisms controlling development of topographic axonal connections. Our analyses of topographic mapping of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons in chick optic tectum indicate that a primary role for guidance molecules is to regulate topographic branching along RGC axons, a process that imposes unique requirements on the ...

To form complex neuronal networks, growth cones use intermediate targets as guideposts on the path to more distant targets. In the developing zebrafish (Danio rerio), the muscle pioneers (MPs) are intermediate targets for primary motor neurons (PMNs) that innervate the trunk musculature. The mechanisms regulating PMN axon guidance at the MPs are not fully understood. We have identified a new me...

Abstract Branching-stable processes have recently appeared as counterparts of stable subordinators, when addition real variables is replaced by branching mechanisms for point processes. Here we are interested in their domains attraction and describe explicit conditions a random walk to converge after proper magnification branching-stable process. This contrasts with deep results obtained during...