in this paper, we will review the foreign exchange market and will try to extract an exchange market pressure and an intervention index for iran by following the weymark (1995) approach to evaluate the central bank of iran’s exchange rate policy during 1368:q1 to 1391:q3. the estimation method employed, is the econometric technique known in the literature as the two-stage least squares (2sls).t...

Nowadays most of the blood pressure measuring devices rely on a common concept of inflatable cuff to the arm which is based on auscultatory or oscillometry principle. These existing blood pressure meters, based on cuff are considered to be inconvenient for daily monitoring and these are very sensitive to artefacts due to the presence of cuff. The other non invasive methods like PTT, PAT require...

Evaporation process, the main component of the water cycle in nature, is essential in agricultural studies, hydrology and meteorology, the operation of reservoirs, irrigation and drainage systems, irrigation scheduling and management of water resources. Various methods have been presented for estimating evaporation from free surface including water budget method, evaporation from pan and experi...

Four methods for compression ratio estimation based on cylinder pressure traces are developed and evaluated for simulated and experimental cycles. Three methods rely upon a model of polytropic compression for the cylinder pressure. It is shown that they give good estimates with a small bias at low compression ratios. A variable projection algorithm with a logarithmic norm of the cylinder pressu...

I would like to congratulate Rich and colleagues, 1 who, in their recent article in CHEST (May 2011), showed clinically relevant discrepancies between Doppler-estimated and invasively measured pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) in . 50% of measurements, discrepancies not resolved by simultaneous measurement of the two entities. Imprecise right atrial pressure estimation, suboptimal align...