Chinese characters are logograms each of which corresponds to one or only a few ideas. To express many ideas, many characters have to be used. Thus, in order to distinguish different characters, great complexity of form is necessary. If Chinese characters had evolved so as to maximize efficiency in conveying ideas, character complexity would depend on the necessary number of characters. Therefo...

This paper proposes a feature extraction method for online handwritten characters for a penmanship learning support system. This system has a database of model characters. It evaluates the characters a learner writes by comparing them with the model characters. However, if we prepare feature information for every character, information must be input every time a model character is added. Theref...

A central problem in games is planning high-quality paths for characters avoiding obstacles in the environment. Current games require a path planner that is fast (to ensure real-time interaction) and flexible (to avoid local hazards). In addition, a path needs to be natural, meaning that the path is smooth, short, keeps some clearance to obstacles, avoids other characters, etcetera. Gameworlds ...

Film Tarung Sarung (2020) presents the narration of young people’s adventure with setting local culture Bugis community, which emphasizes value siri' culture. Local in contemporary films is still rarely discussed depth. Thus, this study aims to answer gap study. This explicitly discusses cultural siri', represented film. The aim research get understanding on values community film Sarung. method...

This paper presents a design of a LED dot matrix written display system using Single Chip Micyoco (SCM). It completes the data acquisition function through the light pen with excellent photographic performance phototransistor, then it can achieve the following functions, such as click light, draw light, reverse display, entire screen erasure, stroke erasure, multi characters written and so on. ...

This article presents an innovative approach to phylogenies based on the reduction of multistate characters to binary-state characters. We show that the reduction to binary characters' approach can be applied to both character- and distance-based phylogenies and provides a unifying framework to explain simply and intuitively the similarities and differences between distance- and character-based...

Spermatological characters of the liver fluke Mediogonimus jourdanei Mas-Coma et Rocamora, 1978 were studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Spermiogenesis begins with the formation of the differentiation zone containing two centrioles associated with striated rootlets and an intercentriolar body. These two centrioles originate two free flagella that undergo a 90 degr...