PURPOSE To report four cases of premacular hemorrhage secondary to valsalva retinopathy treated with Nd:YAG membranotomy and discuss techniques as well as the literature. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted for four patients with vision obstructing hemorrhage secondary to valsalva retinopathy. These patients were all treated with Nd:YAG membranotom...

PURPOSE This study aims to characterize the peri-intraventricular hemorrhages in the neonatal period in very low birth weight newborns in 2 institutions that provide neonatal tertiary assistance. METHOD This was a comparative and observational study in 2 neonatal intensive care units, the Maternity Hospital of Campinas and the "Centro de Aten o Integrada Sa de da Mulher" of the State Unive...

Cell therapy has been proposed as an alternative treatment for retinal diseases. Applications involving stem cells have shown that undifferentiated cells fail to engraft and cannot convert to retinal cells. However, positive results have been reported for retinal precursor cells, suggesting that this approach is the best option. Unfortunately, the source of this cell type is controversial. Pred...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Hypoxia induces angiogenesis while hyperoxia promotes vasoregression in the retina. We investigated herein the effect of prolonged hyperoxia on retinal angiogenesis and the underlying mechanism in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. METHODS Vascular morphology was quantified in whole-mount retina from the mice subjected to the conventional OIR model (c-OIR) or the OIR m...

We present the case of birth-related retinal hemorrhage in a full-term female infant. The baby was born via cesarean section and showed left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). High-frequency oscillation was initiated on the first day of life for management of pulmonary hypertension secondary to CDH. Hernia repair was performed 3 days after birth. Postoperatively, the pulmonary hyperte...

Opportunistic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in severely immunocompromised HIV-positive patients. The retina is the commonest site of involvement with hemorrhages a prominent feature. CMV retinitis affects 40% of HIV positive patients who have CD4 count of less than 100 cell/mm(3), and in these circumstances clinicians are likely to consider commencing anti-CMV therapy without consid...