BACKGROUND Toxoplasma infection during pregnancy exposes the fetus to risks of congenital infection and sequelae that depend heavily on gestational age (GA) at time of infection. Accurate risk estimates by GA are necessary to counsel parents and improve clinical decisions. METHODS We analyzed data from pregnant women diagnosed with acute Toxoplasma infection in Lyon (France) from 1987 to 2008...

1 Mycobacteriology Research Section, Department of Infection and Immunity, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3 National Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, Laboratories for Infectious Diseases and Prenatal Screening, National Institute for Public Hea...

OBJECTIVES To characterize maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and complement the evidence base for the WHO interim guidance on pregnancy management in the context of ZIKV infection. METHODS We searched the relevant database from inception until March 2016. Two review authors independently screened and assessed full texts of eligible reports and extracted data from relevant studies. The qual...

We propose a unifying hypothesis of schizophrenia to help reconcile findings from many different disciplines. This hypothesis proposes that schizophrenia often involves pre- or perinatal exposure to adverse factors that produce a latent immune vulnerability. When this vulnerability is manifested, beginning around puberty with changes in immune function and involution of the thymus, individuals ...

Zika virus transmission within and between the Americas is of global concern. This study assessed knowledge about the Zika virus among pregnant women in the United States, their travel plans to endemic areas, and whether their health care providers discussed Zika with them. This cross-sectional study used data from 492 pregnant women (18-50 years) from an online survey conducted from April 8 to...

BACKGROUND Chlamydia and gonorrhoea are major causes of morbidity among women in developing countries. Both infections have been associated with pregnancy-related complications, and case detection and treatment in pregnancy is essential. In countries without laboratory support, the diagnosis and treatment of cervical infections is based on the syndromic approach. In this study we measured the p...

Thank you for asking us to comment on the issues raised by Professors Åkerlund and Mars̆ál. We would like to thank them for their interest and comments. We agree that in some cases of preterm labour, tocolysis is contraindicated. In particular, if there is significant fetal distress it would be unwise to delay delivery. Since preterm labour is multifactorial, there are a range of precipitating c...

Toxoplasma gondii primary infection in pregnancy is associated with poor obstetric outcomes. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in pregnant migrant and refugee women from Myanmar attending antenatal care in Thailand. A random selection of 199 residual blood samples from first antenatal screen in 2014-2015 was tested for Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies. Se...

BACKGROUND Each year in the United States, 6000 to 7000 women with HIV give birth. The management and outcomes of prenatal HIV infection have changed substantially since the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force issued recommendations in 1996. PURPOSE To synthesize current evidence on risks and benefits of prenatal screening for HIV infection. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, refer...