Conflict of interest: none Objective: obtaining information on the factors associated with episiotomy will be useful in sensitizing professionals to the need to minimize its incidence. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate risk factors for episiotomy in pregnant women who had undergone vaginal delivery at a university maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil. Methods: a case-c...

extract: most information about family assessment are gathered during home visits have many benefits. one of them is that information about structure and habits of families may be more real when you observe the house and around it to find supportive and obstacles for promotion of family health. in addition family members are often more comprehensive in their home and can better act for their ne...

Dear Editor, Laparoscopy was first used for the evaluation of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy by gynaecologists in 1980.1 The most commonly reported laparoscopic procedure during pregnancy is laparoscopic cholecystectomy.2 Achalasia of the cardia is an oesophageal motor disorder, whose incidence in pregnancy is not known. As far as we know, there has been no report of laparoscopic Heller’s ca...

introduction : toxoplasmosis, caused by toxoplasma gondii, is a protozoan parasitic infection distributed worldwide. early infection by this protozoa can lead to abortion and congenital toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. this study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of t. gondii infection among pregnant women referring to shahid akbar abadi hospital, tehran, iran during 2010-2013. meth...