H.264/AVC is a hybrid predictive-transform coder. In this paper we propose a more computational efficient approach to implement the prediction module, its most complex stage. The idea is to employ a subset of dominant prediction modes instead of testing all modes recommended by H.264/AVC standard. Results show that, for high definition sequences, the quality loss is negligible allowing us to co...

Both estimation and simulation approaches are formulated as the selection of a set of attribute values that are optimal for criteria that are typically conflicting. Estimation amounts to minimize local criteria such as a local error variance, whereas stochastic simulation aims to reproduce global Ž . statistics such as the histogram or semivariogram. A simulated annealing SA algorithm is presen...

Reversible watermarking techniques enable the extraction of the embedding bits from a watermarked image in a lossless way. It exploits the high spatial correlation among neighboring pixels. Application in reversible watermarking includes military and medical images. However, images occurs overflow or underflow problems during the imbedding process. Since pixels value may be out of range between...

In this paper, we propose a context-based adaptive fast Intra_4x4 prediction mode decision algorithm for H.264/AVC. Firstly, a 3-order Markov random field model is introduced to describe the spatial distribution of RD optimal Intra_4x4 prediction modes at picture level. Secondly, in a neighboring context specified by this model, only a small set of candidate modes are chosen for RDO calculation...

The forecast is very complex in financial markets. The reasons for this are the fluctuation of financial data, Such as Stock index data over time. The determining a model for forecasting fluctuations, can play a significant role in investors deci-sion making in financial markets. In the present paper, the Black Scholes model in the prediction of stock on year later value, on using data from mel...

A new and useful type of optical resonator has been proposed based on the principles of chaos [1]. The asymmetric resonant cavity (ARC) is an extension of the concept of spherical or cylindrical dielectric resonators which have high-Q ”whispering gallery” (WG) modes trapped by total internal reflection [2]. In the ARC such a cylinder or sphere is deformed substantially but in a smooth and conve...

Group theory has been used to study various problems in physics and chemistry for many years. Relatively recently, applications have emerged in engineering, where problems of the vibration, bifurcation and stability of systems exhibiting symmetry have been studied. From an engineering perspective, the main attraction of group-theoretic methods has been their potential to reduce computational ef...

In this paper, we propose an implicit line-based linear intra 16×16 prediction method for high-quality video coding. Typically, in H.264/AVC intra 16×16 vertical and horizontal prediction modes, 256 pixels in the current macroblock are predicted using 16 adjacent boundary pixels of reconstructed neighboring macroblocks. One problem of such a block-based intra prediction is that the prediction e...