This article charts the rise and fall of medical meteorology in nineteenth-century Denmark, describing how interest in the subject developed, the optimism that sprang from the possibility of having access to accurate meteorological measurements, and the decline in interest as the data failed to support the medical meteorologists’ claims. Within this framework, I also attempt to place the Danish...

Increased photosynthetic activity and enhanced seasonal CO2 exchange of northern ecosystems have been observed from a variety of sources including satellite vegetation indices (such as the normalized difference vegetation index; NDVI) and atmospheric CO2 measurements. Most of these changes have been attributed to strong warming trends in the northern high latitudes (⩾50°N). Here we analyze the ...

The Pleim-Xiu land-surface model, Pleim surface-layer and Asymmetric Convective Model (Version 2) are now options in version 3.0 of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. These physics options were developed for the MM5 mesoscale model and used extensively by the air quality modeling community, so there was a need to extend these physics to WRF. The new physics in WRF are compared to...