BACKGROUND We found that (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake in malignant lesion was enhanced, and it was decreased in the inflammatory lesion after the use of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonist in our previous preclinical study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PPAR-γ agonist on malignant lesions in clinical (18)F-FDG positro...

BACKGROUND There is evidence that CD36 promotes foam cell formation through internalizing oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) into macrophages; therefore, it plays a key role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In addition, CD36 expression seems to be mediated by nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of ...

The pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is known to involve cytokines and, in particular, surface adhesion molecules, the expression of which initiates inflammatory cell attachment. It has been suggested that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ is an important immunomodulatory factor as well as a regulator of fatty acid. In this study, we investigated the expressio...

PURPOSE Exercise training with PPARγ agonist is expected to increase glucose uptake and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle of patients with diabetes. However, its mechanisms to effect glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle are unclear. METHODS The mechanism of action was determined by co-treatment with PPARγ agonist- rosiglitazone and exercise training in strept...

We investigated effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in combination of JTT-130, a novel intestine-specific microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor, and pioglitazone, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ agonist. Male Zucker diabetic fatty rats were divided into 4 groups: control group, JTT-130 treatment group, pioglitazone treatment group, and combination grou...

BACKGROUND It has been reported that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ and their synthetic ligands have direct effects on pancreatic β-cells. We investigated whether PPAR-γ activation stimulates insulin secretion through the up-regulation of GPR40 in pancreatic β-cells. METHODS Rat insulinoma INS-1 cells and primary rat islets were treated with rosiglitazone (RGZ) and/or ade...

The transport and metabolism of organic cationic endobiotics, nutrients, and drugs are essential hepatic functions. Slc22A1 is the basolateral liver transporter mediating the uptake of organic cations; however, little is known about the regulation of this transport protein. Peroxisome proliferator agonist receptor (PPAR)-alpha and -gamma agonists are commonly used agents that regulate many hepa...

Comprehensive understanding of the precise mode of action/adverse outcome pathway (MoA/AOP) of chemicals becomes a key step towards superseding the current repeated dose toxicity testing methodology with new generation predictive toxicology tools. The description and characterization of the toxicological MoA leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are of specific interest, due to i...