The ligand-dependent nuclear receptor PPAR plays an important role in murine and human trophoblast differentiation. Oxidized lipids, which are implicated in the pathophysiology of placental dysfunction, have recently been identified as ligands for PPAR . We therefore hypothesized that oxidized lipids activate PPAR in human trophoblasts and influence placental function. To test our hypothesis, w...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a ligand-activated transcription factor and plays an important role in growth, differentiation, and inflammation in different tissues. In this study, we investigated the effects of 15d-PGJ(2), a high-affinity ligand of PPAR-gamma, on dedifferentiation and on inflammatory responses such as COX-2 expression and PGE(2) production in ...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ) is a nuclear receptor activated by fatty acid derivatives and hypolipidemic drugs of the fibrate class. PPAR is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, and foam cells, suggesting a role for this receptor in macrophage lipid homeostasis with consequences for atherosclerosis development. Recently, it was shown that PPAR activation promotes cholester...

Peroxisomes provide glial cells with protective functions against the harmful effects of H2O2 on neurons and peroxisome impairment results in nervous lesions. Agonists of the γ -subtype of the Peroxisome-Proliferator-Activated-Receptors (PPAR) have been proposed as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Nevertheless, the role of PPAR- γ alterations in pathophysiological mechanis...

Changes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors- δ (PPAR δ ) expression in rats after spinal cord injury (SCI) have been previously reported. Diabetic animals show a higher mortality after SCI. However, the relationship between the progress of diabetes and PPAR δ in SCI remains unknown. In the present study, we used compressive SCI in streptozotocin-(STZ-) induced diabetic rats. GW07...

Quantitative real-time RT-PCR study was conducted to reveal the effects of normal (5 mmol/l) and high (30 mmol/l) glucose without or with oleate (0.3 mmol/l) on mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (PPAR-)alpha, -gamma1, -gamma2, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator- (PGC-)1alpha and -1beta in commercial human hepatoma-derived HepG2 cells mainta...

The ligand-dependent nuclear receptors PPAR and RXR / were recently determined to be essential for murine placental development and trophoblast differentiation. In the current study we examined the expression and role of the PPAR / RXR heterodimers in human invasive trophoblasts. We first report that in human first trimester placenta, PPAR and RXR are highly expressed in cytotrophoblasts at the...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ causes insulin sensitization and enhances glucose metabolism, whereas...

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) is a ligand-activated transcription factor which plays important roles in lipid and glucose metabolism. The aim of this work is to find residues which selectively recognize PPAR-α agonists and antagonists. To achieve this aim, PPAR-α/13M and PPAR-α/471 complexes were subjected to perform molecular dynamics simulations. This research suggests...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Nuclear peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) plays a fundamental role in the regulation of lipid homeostasis and is the target of medications used to treat dyslipidemia. However, little is known about the role of PPAR-α in mouse behavior. METHODS To investigate the function of Ppar-α in cognitive functions, a behavioral phenotype analysis of mice with a ...