To examine the involvement of phospholipase D (PLD) isozymes in postnatal testis development, the expression of PLD1 and PLD2 was examined in the mouse testis at postnatal weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The expression of both PLD1 and PLD2 increased gradually with development from postnatal week 1 to 8. Immunohistochemically, PLD immunoreactivity was ...

The postnatal heart undergoes highly coordinated developmental processes culminating in the complex physiologic properties of the adult heart. The molecular mechanisms of postnatal heart development remain largely unexplored despite their important clinical implications. To gain an integrated view of the dynamic changes in gene expression during postnatal heart development at the organ level, t...

UNLABELLED In preterm infants, poor postnatal growth is associated with adverse neurocognitive outcomes; conversely, rapid postnatal growth is supposedly harmful for future development of metabolic diseases. CONCLUSION In this systematic review, observational studies reported consistent positive associations between postnatal weight or head growth and neurocognitive outcomes; however, there w...

The neurexins are a large family of neuronal cell-surface proteins believed to be involved in intercellular signalling and the formation of intercellular junctions. To begin to assess the role of these proteins in the olfactory bulb, we describe here the expression patterns of their transmembrane and secreted ligands, the neuroligins and neurexophilins, during both embryonic and postnatal devel...

BACKGROUND Fish is an important source of nutrition worldwide. Fish contain both the neurotoxin methyl mercury (MeHg) and nutrients important for brain development. The developing brain appears to be most sensitive to MeHg toxicity and mothers who consume fish during pregnancy expose their fetus prenatally. Although brain development is most dramatic during fetal life, it continues for years po...

Abstract Postnatal depression (PND) is an important public health problem with far-reaching consequences for mothers, families, and society. Current treatment approaches tend to focus on the depressive symptoms of mother. We propose need a shift in conceptualisation PND its management, by focusing circadian rhythm as early manifestation mother-infant synchrony. have reviewed relevant interdisci...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ethanol exposure during gestation induces marked aberrations in growth and development of offsprings collectively known as foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS);. However, its effects on the postnatal development of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are not adequately investigated. Therefore, ADH activity in liver and intestine of rats exposed to ethanol during gestation was studied...

abstract basement membrane of glomerular mesangium (bmg) is a thin membrane which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus and type iv collagen is require for complete bm formation during glomerulogenesis. in this investigation specific antibody of type iv collagen has been used in light microscopy to study development of bmg of the embryonic and postnatal mouse glomerular mes...

the cannabinoidergic system acquired a reputation as the most abundant g-protein coupled receptor in the cns that acts as retrograde modulator of neurotransmitter release. recently, endocannabinoids (ecbs) have been highlighted as neurodevelopmental signaling cues that exert a regulatory role in brain development. the interruption in ecb system elements (including receptors and enzymes of synth...

Postnatal development of dopaminergic system is closely related to the development of psychomotor function. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of dopamine and requires tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as a cofactor. To clarify the effect of partial BH4 deficiency on postnatal development of the dopaminergic system, we examined two lines of mutant mice lacking a B...