Despite considerable speculation virtually nothing is known about the empirical relationship between traditional Tibetan administrative systems, household processes, and demographic trends in historical Tibetan populations because indigenous data sources have never been systematically analyzed. This article examines a 1958 tax register from Kyirong, formerly a district-level political division ...

Allee effects are an important component in the population dynamics of numerous species. Accounting for these Allee effects in population viability analyses generally requires estimates of low-density population growth rates, but such data are unavailable for most species and particularly difficult to obtain for large mammals. Here, we present a mechanistic modeling framework that allows estima...

During this study from December 2009 to November 2011, 363Deep flounder fish were caught and their weight and length were measured. The caught fish included 18 males, 200 females and 155 immature fishes. The mean, maximum and minimum total lengths were 264 ± 57 (mean ± SD), 415 mm and 115 mm respectively. The mean, maximum, and minimum total weights for this species were 238 ± 150 g, 827 g and ...

longtail tuna (thunnus tonggol) is one of the most important and commercial species in the persian gulf and oman sea. in order to come up with the responsible fishing pattern, there was a need to identify some of the biological characteristics and population dynamic parameters. data were collected randomly from six major artisanal fish-landing sites hassineh, kong, bandar abbas, salakh, sirik a...

Conventional bacterial growth studies rely on large bacterial populations without considering the individual cells. Individual cells, however, can exhibit marked behavioral heterogeneity. Here, we present experimental observations on the colonial growth of 220 individual cells of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium using time-lapse microscopy videos. We found a highly heterogeneous behavio...

The 20th century has seen unprecedented growth of the human population on this planet. While at the beginning of the century the Earth had an estimated 1.6 billion inhabitants, this number grew to 6.1 billion by the end of the century, and further significant growth is a near certainty. This paper tries to summarize what factors lie behind this extraordinary expansion of the human population an...

natural climatic conditions in urban areas can be changed by human physical environment. climate as a natural system and city as a human system have close mutual connections. urban population growth and consequent increase in urban physical expansion may lead to intensification in human activities and disturbances in the environment. this contributes to alterations in solar radiation, balance o...