in this paper, we try and valuate preemption rights by modifying the black-scholes model, which is widely used to valuate options and other derivatives. here we first present the basics of the black-scholes model and then we discus modification of the model to be fit for preemption right valuation. at the end, we valuate four of the preemptive rights using the proposed model

a graphene nanosheets (gns) film coated glassy carbon electrode (gce) was fabricated for sensitive determination of tyrosine (tyr). the gns-based sensor was characterized by scanning electron microscope and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. the voltammetric techniques were employed to study electro-oxidation of tyr. the results revealed that the modified electrode showed an electrocatalyt...

introduction: in different investigations, the destructive effect of ultrasonic scalers on the margins of composites has been studied, but there are very few studies on the effects of ultrasonic scalers on the microleakage of poly-acid modified composite resin and resin modified glass ionomers. the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the marginal microleakage of class v preparations rest...

This study explored the effect of activated carbon preparation conditions on their adsorption performance. Activated prepared from Wood chips Prosopis juliflora has been utilized as adsorbent for removal Eriochrome Black T an aqueous solution. was used source material to prepare by pyrolysis process using H3PO4 activation. The properties were evaluated IDOINE NUMBER. effects various impregnatio...

Here we report on the design and study of a biofuel cell consisting of a glucose oxidase-based anode (Aspergillus niger) and a laccasebased cathode (Trametes versicolor) using osmium-based redox polymers as mediators of the biocatalysts’ electron transfer at graphite electrode surfaces. The graphite electrodes of the device are modified with the deposition and immobilization of the appropriate ...

this paper describes the development, electrochemical characterization and utilization of novel modified molybdenum (vi) complex-carbon nanotube paste electrode for the electrocatalytic determination of ascorbic acid (aa). the electrochemical profile of the proposed modified electrode was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (cv) that showed a shift of the oxidation peak potential of aa about 235 mv ...

abstract the graphene–chitosan composite film modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated and used to determine amlodipine besylate. in 0.1 m ph 7.3 phosphate buffer solutions, the redox peak currents of amlodipine besylate increased significantly at graphene–chitosan composite film modified glassy carbon electrode compared with bare electrode and chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode, ...

in this work, sol-gel method was used tosynthesize titanium dioxide nanoparticles (tio2). the tio2nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (sem), x-ray diffraction (xrd) and bet technique.the tio2 and coumarin derivative (7-(1,3-dithiolan-2-yl)-9, 10-dihydroxy-6h-benzofuro [3,2-c] chromen-6-on) were incorporated in a graphite composite electrode. the resulting modified el...