among others internal, regional, international, political, economic, technical, social and cultural factors are reasons that theorists introduce for beginning of integration at a region. by looking at the functions of the shanghai cooperation organization and the association of southeast asian nations (asean), we understand that there are two basic pragmatic factors, the support of the great po...

On August 14, 1947, Pakistan was carved out on the map of the world for the Muslims of India in order so that they could live in peace and harmony, according to the principles of Islam, free to pursue all spiritual and worldly endeavours in a homeland of their own. Though full of hope and nationalistic fervour; the people of Pakistan were unable to fully realize the dream of their own personali...

This paper discussed the discursive strategies in selected political rally campaigns of the 2011 elections in Southwestern Nigeria with a view to revealing the dynamics of political persuasion and mobilization in contemporary natural political communication in Nigeria. The data for the study were obtained from two political rallies in each of the six Southwestern states in Nigeria, making a tot...

This study analyses how political and institutional factors affected the performance of municipalities in improving social welfare in Brazil in the period from 1990 to 2000. The model adopts a stochastic production frontier, conditioned by variables related to the provision costs of services and those that can affect municipal efficiency. The results indicated that we can not reject:1) economie...

Resident participation in the political action committee (PAC) is important for professional advocacy and for ensuring access to quality musculoskeletal care. The following questions were asked: Would faculty contribution-matching increase donation rates and amounts among orthopedic surgery residents at a single institution? What barriers do residents self-identify that prevent or delay PAC par...

Recently, pollsters have experienced discrepancies between their poll predictions and subsequent election outcomes. One possible explanation of these divergencies is the growing proportion of undecided respondents in poll samples. This paper discusses three methods of reducing the proportion of undecided respondents: the use of contextual questions; a secret ballot device; and the use of a rela...

By outlining the political context that shaped the development of AIDS policy in South Africa and highlighting the deeply political aspects of the AIDS crisis, this paper shows why the South African government has not effectively responded to the spread of AIDS. It questions conventional factors, such as wealth, bureaucratic capacity, regime type, and political leadership as explanations for ef...