The optimal path planning of cooperative manipulators is studied in the present research. Optimal Control Theory is employed to calculate the optimal path of each joint choosing an appropriate index of the system to be minimized and taking the kinematics equations as the constraints. The formulation has been derived using Pontryagin Minimum Principle and results in a Two Point Boundary Value Pr...

precise geoid determination on islands suffers from the lack of accurate gravity data on the open seas. nowadays, sub-microgal accuracy for the land gravity observations is obtainable. but the sea gravity data which are collected via shipborne techniques, due to the measuring environment at sea area, are usually highly noisy and are contaminated with various systematic errors. on the other hand...

In this paper an efficient Algorithm based on Zadeh's extension principle has been investigated to approximate fuzzy solution of two-point fuzzy boundary value problems, with fuzzy boundary values. We use finite difference method in term of the upper bound and lower bound of $r$- level of fuzzy boundary values. The proposed approach gives a linear system with crisp tridiagonal coefficients matr...

  Abstract.   The Sturm-Liouville boundary value problem of the multi-order fractional differential equation  is studied. Results on the existence of solutions are established. The analysis relies on a weighted function space and a fixed point theorem. An example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the main theorems.

In this work the collocation method based on quartic B-spline is developed and applied to two-point boundary value problem in ordinary diferential equations. The error analysis and convergence of presented method is discussed. The method illustrated by two test examples which verify that the presented method is applicable and considerable accurate.

This paper studies a fractional boundary value problem of nonlinear differential equations of arbitrary orders. New existence and uniqueness results are established using Banach contraction principle. Other existence results are obtained using Schaefer and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorems. In order to clarify our results, some illustrative examples are also presented.

Aims: In this paper an approximate method for the solution of third-order differential equation with two and three point boundary condition is developed using iterative reproducing kernel method. Methods: The third order boundary value problem is converted into integro-differential equation of second order two point boundary value problem. The reproducing kernel method which takes the form of a...

the simple method for height determination is spirit leveling. the leveled height differences are path-dependent. ergo height from spirit leveling is not unique. the problem can be solved by converting the path-dependent leveled height differences into unique path-independent height differences (vanicek and krakiwsky, 1986). the difference between the potentials of two close equipotential surfa...