mass vaccination against viral infections such as mumps is a very noticeable and appropriate attempt in common health. mumps infection has severe complications like deafness, infertility and meningitis. attenuated live vaccine of mumps is produced and used to prevent the problems. viral content in the monovalent vaccine is assayed with different methods. nowadays international standards introdu...

SUMMARY We reconstruct the post-52 Ma seafloor spreading history of Southwest Indian Ridge at 44 distinct times from inversions ≈20 000 magnetic reversal, fracture zone and transform fault crossings, spanning major regional tectonic events such as Arabia–Eurasia continental collision, Arabia Peninsula’s detachment Africa, arrival Afar mantle plume below eastern Africa initiation rifting in Afri...