Different antibiotics have different characteristics but the aspect of antibiotic stability is the main concern of the pharmacist when dispensing the drug. The stability of drug such as chemical stability, physical stability, microbiological stability, therapeutic stability and toxicological stability will ensure its therapeutic effect. There are some factors that may affect antibiotics’ effect...

OBJECTIVES To provide the practicing surgeon with data to make an informed economic decision regarding conversion from analog to digital photography. METHODS A cost analysis of photography based on 35-mm vs digital platforms (low-, medium-, and high-cost hardware). RESULTS Break-even thresholds for the investment in a digital platform of low, medium, and high costs were 3674, 15,789, and 34...

“South Korea is the plastic surgery capital of the world.” This is how Korean plastic surgery was described in the Washington Post in 2015 [1]. Korea seems to be consolidating its position as a leading plastic surgery nation. However, to survive the fierce competition among plastic surgeons and to satisfy patients’ high­ est expectations, plastic surgeons must sustain their efforts over the lon...

After initiating a trial series of art classes for plastic surgery residents, the authors recommend that art education, including hands-on training and art appreciation, becomes part of an aesthetic surgery training curriculum.

The Milestone Project in plastic surgery was created to define training outcomes and measure progress as a trainee progresses from novice to expert. The Plastic Surgery Milestones represent a framework with graduated measures to ensure the learner and program faculty know the expected intermediate and long-term competencies, and can more accurately measure where an individual is on the expected...

Strengthening of existing circular reinforced concrete columns by CFRP confinement

BACKGROUND This article presents a real-time surgical simulator for teaching three- dimensional local flap concepts. Mass-spring based simulators are interactive, but they compromise accuracy and realism. Accurate finite element approaches have traditionally been too slow to permit development of a real-time simulator. METHODS A new computational formulation of the finite element method has b...

Spatially resolved velocity profiles are presented for nine faint field galaxies in the redshift range 0.1 ∼ < z ∼ < 1, based on moderate–resolution spectroscopy obtained with the Keck 10 m telescope. These data were augmented with high–resolution Hubble Space Telescope images from WFPC2, which provided V and I photometry, galaxy type, orientation, and inclination. The effects of seeing, slit w...