We retrospectively evaluated the phenomenon of arterial hypotension in peritoneal dialysis (PD) in a large cohort of 633 PD patients from two centers (Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada, and Division of Nephrology, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece), thus extending our previously reported experience for an additional 6 years (1995-2000). Together, the units had 81 hypotensive patie...

Introduction. Circulatory failure secondary to hypovolemia is a common situation in critical care patients. Volume replacement is the first option for the treatment of hypovolemia. A possible complication of volume loading is pulmonary edema, quantified at the bedside by the measurement of extravascular lung water index (ELWI). ELWI predicts progression to acute lung injury (ALI) in patients wi...

polyoma virus nephropathy occurs in 3% to 4% of renal transplant recipients, causing graft loss in 50% of cases. the objective of the present study was to explore the effects of age, sex, post-transplantation period and plasma creatinine levels on the polyoma virus infection in kidney transplanted patients. urine samples were collected from 362 patients, centrifuged and microscopic slides prepa...

BACKGROUND/AIM The mechanism of edema formation in nephrotic syndrome is still poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the volume status in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and to emphasize the importance of echocardiography in demonstrating of volume changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two SSNS patients and 30 healthy children were enrolled in this study. The volum...

background: the existing evidence suggests that plasma adiponectin concentrations can be indicative of the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (cad). however, the results of the studies conducted hitherto on this subject are inconsistent. we sought to investigate the possible correlation between plasma adiponectin levels and the presence and severity of cad in patients undergoing n...

The number of patients with end-stage renal disease is growing rapidly in Asia. Patients with end stage renal disease failure (ESRD) undergoing long term hemodialysis (HD) are at risk for high oxidative stress. There is paucity of information with regard to oxidative stress during HD. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate catalase enzyme activity in erythrocytes and the total ...

BACKGROUND The transpulmonary thermal dilution technique has been widely adopted for monitoring cardiac preload and extravascular lung water in critically ill patients. This method assumes intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV) to be a fixed proportion of global end-diastolic volume (GEDV). This study determines the relation between GEDV and ITBV under normovolemic and hypovolemic conditions and qua...

BACKGROUND Rapid ultrasound in shock (RUSH) is the most recent emergency ultrasound protocol, designed to help clinicians better recognize distinctive shock etiologies in a shorter time frame. OBJECTIVES In this study, we evaluated the accuracy of the RUSH protocol, performed by an emergency physician or radiologist, in predicting the type of shock in critical patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS...

OBJECTIVES To describe four adolescents with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome, an uncommon presentation of type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Two tertiary pediatric intensive care units in university teaching hospitals. PATIENTS Four obese adolescents with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. INTERVENTIONS Isoto...

Dogs and cats frequently present to veterinarians in hypovolemic shock following trauma. Blunt trauma from motor vehicles is by far the most common cause of trauma, and intravenous fluid therapy is one of the most important modalities of shock management in these patients. This lecture will cover fluid therapy options and their indications in patients presenting with a variety of complications ...