We examined the ability of an equivalent increase in circulating glucose concentrations to inhibit endogenous glucose production (EGP) and to stimulate glucose metabolism in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Somatostatin was infused in the presence of basal replacements of glucoregulatory hormones and plasma glucose was maintained either at 90 or 180 mg/dl. Overnight low-dose insuli...

were performed on premature or term infants using blood preserved with acid citrate and glucose. The plasma concentrations of glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone were measured in the donor blood and in blood from the infant at different times during the transfusion. The total amounts of metabolite and hormone infused and removed from the infant were calculated. The ...

1 D-pinitol (3-O-methyl-chiroinositol), an active principle of the traditional antidiabetic plant Bougainvillea spectabilis, is claimed to exert insulin-like e€ects. This study investigates the e€ect of D-pinitol on glucose homeostasis in animal models of diabetes, and on glucose transport by cultured muscle cells. 2 Plasma glucose concentrations were measured in normal, obese-diabetic (ob/ob) ...

Alterations in the production of or the sensitivity to leptin, the protein encoded by the ob gene, cause obesity and diabetes in rodents. We evaluated the isolated relationship between leptin and insulin sensitivity in lean and obese humans. Three groups of subjects who were carefully matched for either insulin sensitivity (determined by the modified intravenous glucose tolerance test and minim...

BACKGROUND The branched chain amino acid leucine is a potent stimulator of insulin secretion. Used in combination with glucose it can increase the insulin response and the post exercise re-synthesis of glycogen in man. Decreased plasma amino acid concentrations have been reported after intravenous or per oral administration of leucine in man as well as after a single per oral dose in horses. In...

OBJECTIVE To derive indexes for muscle and hepatic insulin sensitivity from the measurement of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 155 subjects of Mexican-American origin (58 male and 97 female, aged 18-70 years, BMI 20-65 kg/m(2)) with normal glucose tolerance (n = 100) or impaired glucose tolerance (n...

1. Rates and rate coefficients of glucose utilization and replacement were determined with [5-3H]- and [U-14C]-glucose in rats starved for 24h, either conscious or under halothane anaesthesia, in a thermoneutral environment. Plasma insulin concentrations were also measured. 2. Halothane anaesthesia decreased the turnover rate by 20%, which was similar to previously reported decreases in metabol...

In normal fasted rats whole liver tissue contains as much glucose as the blood plasma, i.e., the ratio of the concentrations is about unity. The concentration of glucose in hepatic intracellular water is about 1.2 times higher than in plasma water. In rats injected with insulin the concentration of glucose in the liver falls to a lesser extent than in the plasma: resulting in a ratio of concent...