Volume replacement is the most important step in treating hypovolaemic shock. Blood is needed when the oxygen carrying capacity threatens to fall below a critical level, but has the disadvantage of transmitting virus hepatitis. Anicteric hepatitis is about four times more frequent than the icteric form. Pasteurized plasma protein solution and albumin are free from the risk of transmitting hepat...

A 62-year-old man, receiving chronic haemodialysis and suffering from alcoholic liver cirrhosis and chronic pancreatitis, presented with hypoglycaemic coma. Plasma cortisol was undetectable (< 5.5 nmol/L) with suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which established a diagnosis of adrenal failure due to ACTH deficiency. Twenty-five milligrams of oral hydrocortisone eradicated hypoglycae...

For epithelia, all too frequently this or that ultrastructure is spoken of as "absorptive" or '(secretory.'' Correlation between structure and function must relate to phenomena, such as the apparent active transport of weak electrolytes or water, that are unique for the epithelium. The macroscopic tubule of the gastric mucosa eannot sequester the active transport of hydrochloric acid from the s...

A marked increase in the adrenal secretion of the potent electrolyte-active steroid, aldosterone, was observed in the dog in response to loss of blood. The proportionate increase in adrenal output of aldosterone exceeded that of hydrocortisone. The physiologic mechanism by which the increased aldosterone release is mediated remains obscure. The stimulus to increased aldosterone secretion was no...

A controllable degradable coating on Mg alloy based plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process is reported for the first time. The results show that introduction of silica nanoparticles into PEO electrolytes leads to their reactive incorporation in coatings and thus influencing degradation behavior. Dissolution amorphous phases facilitates chemical reaction with components simulated body fluid...

The plasma electrolytic oxidation is an innovative method for the surface treatment of titanium and its alloys. This review provides overview historical development process summarizes current state art. chemical as well electro- plasma-chemical basics layer forming mechanisms, which comprises substrate/electrolyte interface before discharge initiation different types stages phenomena are explai...

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have aroused intense interest owing to their easy fabrication, low cost, simple preparation procedures and high energy conversion efficiency. Considering the fact that leakage and volatilization of liquid electrolytes hinder their practical applications in the case of DSSCs, polymer electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, excellent thermal and long-term sta...