BACKGROUND Dental plaque, deposition of microorganisms embedded in extracellular matrix, initiates dental caries and periodontal diseases Thus, removal of dental plaque by mechanical or chemical means is the key intervention in prevention of dental caries and gingivitis. METHODS To compare the efficacy of chlorhexidine (0.2%) and sodium fluoride (0.05%) mouthwashes in reduction of plaque depo...

The immunoperoxidase antibody (IPA) technique was used to develop two new tests for serodiagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections: a microneutralization test based on the reduction of the number of infected cells and an IPA test for determination of virus-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG). Neutralizing antibody was determined both in the presence and absence of complement. In a group of...

The characteristics of genotype V Japanese encephalitis virus (GV JEV) remain poorly understood as only two strains have been isolated to date. In this study, we examined the effects of the GV JEV Muar strain on in vitro growth and pathogenicity in mice; we also evaluated the efficacy of inactivated JEV vaccines against the Muar strain. Although growth of the Muar strain in mouse neuroblastoma ...

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne Alphavirus and belongs to family Togaviridae. Debilitating arthralgia and myalgia are common symptoms of Chikungunya disease. This virus is sometimes fatal to humans, however there is no effective therapy available till now. In many studies envelope E2 protein of CHIKV has been exploited for diagnosis and vaccine therapy. Here we studied the immunod...

Background.  Recent trials of recombinant, live-attenuated chimeric yellow fever-dengue tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) demonstrated efficacy against symptomatic, virologically confirmed dengue disease with higher point estimates of efficacy toward dengue virus (DENV)3 and DENV4 and moderate levels toward DENV1 and DENV2. It is interesting to note that serotype-specific efficacy did not co...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa microsoftinternetexplorer4 introduction: scrubbing is the most common brushing method for children. the goal of our study was to find out what time length of scrubbing could be most effective on the reduction of plaque index among children of 10 to 12 years. materials and methods: in this interventional experimental research, 60 primary school children...

A hantavirus, designated Leakey virus, was isolated from a Mus musculus captured in Real County, Texas, U.S.A. in August 1986. Virus-specific fluorescence was first detected 13 days after inoculation of Vero-E6 cells with spleen tissue from the seropositive M. musculus. Ultrastructurally, the new isolate resembled other hantaviruses. Leakey virus induced a fatal meningoencephalitis in infant Fi...

A previously healthy man from eastern Kansas, USA, sought medical care in late spring because of a history of tick bite, fever, and fatigue. The patient had thrombocytopenia and leukopenia and was given doxycycline for a presumed tickborne illness. His condition did not improve. Multiorgan failure developed, and he died 11 days after illness onset from cardiopulmonary arrest. Molecular and sero...