This paper illustrates and extends an efficient framework, called the square-root-elastic (SRE) framework, for studying shapes of closed curves, that was first introduced in [2]. This framework combines the strengths of two important ideas - elastic shape metric and path-straightening methods - for finding geodesics in shape spaces of curves. The elastic metric allows for optimal matching of fe...

Plant cell cultures could be used as an important tool for biochemical production, ranging from natural pigments to pharmaceutical products. Anthocyanin is affected by a variety of factors. Light, an important plant environmental factor, influences the anthocyanin production in vegetative plant tissues. Here, we have investigated the influence of the blue laser-diode (BLD) and red laser-He Ne (...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS A study is made by computation of the interplay between the pattern formation of growth catalysts on a plant surface and the expansion of the surface to generate organismal shape. Consideration is made of the localization of morphogenetically active regions, and the occurrence within them of symmetry-breaking processes such as branching from an initially dome-shaped tip or m...

Human has a duty to preserve the nature. One of the examples is preserving the ornamental plant. Huge economic value of plant trading, escalating esthetical value of one space, and medicine efficacy that contained in a plant are some positive values from this plant. However, only few people know about its medicine efficacy. Considering the easiness to obtain and the medicine efficacy, this plan...

because plant density is often measured by using plots and also in most cases are done by the method of estimation and counting the individuals, so one of the important cases that we have to decide on is the size and shape of plot. in this research, the density of astragalus verus that it's one of the dominate species in the area and has separate and recognizable individuals plant from eac...

Because of huge diversity of plants existing on earth and large inter-species similarity, the manual process of identification of plants is difficult and at times, the results generated may be confusing. So, it is necessary to automate the process of identification of plants to generate faster and accurate results. Among various parts of plant, leaf is easily available in all seasons and can be...

The diversity of microbes associated with plant roots is enormous, in the order of tens of thousands of species. This complex plant-associated microbial community, also referred to as the second genome of the plant, is crucial for plant health. Recent advances in plant-microbe interactions research revealed that plants are able to shape their rhizosphere microbiome, as evidenced by the fact tha...

Root growth in the field is often slowed by a combination of soil physical stresses, including mechanical impedance, water stress, and oxygen deficiency. The stresses operating may vary continually, depending on the location of the root in the soil profile, the prevailing soil water conditions, and the degree to which the soil has been compacted. The dynamics of root growth responses are consid...

Leaf shape is one of the most variable plant traits. Previous work has provided much indirect evidence that leaf-shape variation is adaptive and that leaf shape influences thermoregulation, water balance, and resistance to natural enemies. Nevertheless, there is little direct evidence that leaf shape actually affects plant fitness. In this study, we first demonstrate that populations of the ivy...