background& objectives: zataria multiflora boiss is used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders and menorrhagia. the inhibitory effect of this herb on rat uterus contractions has also been reported. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zataria multiflora boiss hydroalcoholic leaf extract (zhle) on isolated rat ileum in presence of some known ileum stimulan...

BACKGROUND To produce population-level, year- and age-specific risk estimates of first time nonmedical use of prescription stimulants among young people in the United States. METHODS Data are from the National Surveys on Drug Use and Health 2004-2012; a nationally representative probability sample survey administered each year. Subpopulations included youths aged 12 to 21 years (n=240,160) wh...

Abiotic stresses spot lights the field crops at all growth phases and results in significant yield losses important crops, endangering safety of world's food supply. Numerous physiological, biochemical, molecular tactics have been examined by crop researchers to battle drought stress/water limiting stress, but current environment, these measures are meager. It is so claimed that plants can be p...

OBJECTIVES To explore the illicit use of specific prescription stimulants among college students and add to our understanding of reasons (motives) and routes of administration associated with illicit use of these drugs. METHODS A random sample of 4580 college students self-administered a Web-based survey. The survey contained a variety of items pertaining to the illicit use of prescription st...

A simple and rapid method for the determination of amphetamine, methamphetamine, and their 3,4-methylenedioxy derivatives in urine samples was developed using automated in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). In-tube SPME is an extraction technique for organic compounds in aqueous samples in which analy...