nowadays, because of the growing numbers of vehicles on streets and roads, the use of intelligent controlsystems to improve driving safety and health has become a necessity. to design and implement suchcontrol systems, having information about traffic light colors is essential. there are the wide variety oftraffic lights in terms of light intensity and color. therefore it seems that design and ...

An exact form of the local Whittle likelihood is studied with the intent of developing a general-purpose estimation procedure for the memory parameter (d) that does not rely on tapering or differencing prefilters. The resulting exact local Whittle estimator is shown to be consistent and to have the same N(0, 1 4 ) limit distribution for all values of d if the optimization covers an interval of ...

Analogous to Fourier frequency transforms of the integration and differentiation of a continuous-time function, Walsh sequency transforms of the summing and differencing of an arbitrary discrete-time function have been derived. These transforms can be represented numerically in the form of matrices of simple recursive structure. The matrices are not orthogonal, but they are the inverse of each ...

The effectiveness of small support spatial filters based on mean, median and morphological opening for the detection of scintillating ultra-dim stationary point targets in IR image sequences has been investigated. The effectiveness of two temporal filters was also studied. The filters were applied to two IR image sequences; an aircraft approaching in an uncluttered background, and an aircraft r...

Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques have been recognised as well-suited for ground deformation monitoring applications. However, the spatially and temporally variable delay of the radar signal propagating through the atmosphere represents a major limitation to accuracy. The dominant factor to be considered is the tropospheric heterogeneity, which can lead t...

Entropy of an image can be taken as a parameter of variation among pixel values. Equal value for all pixels in an image results in zero entropy. This idea is incorporated at the time of partitioning the image. Partitions are done with zero entropy in order to make the compression lossless. Unlike traditional fractal image compression mechanism this method doesn’t require two separate partitions...

Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) techniques have been recognised as an ideal tool for many ground deformation monitoring applications. However, the spatially and temporally variable delay of the radar signal propagating through the atmosphere is a major limitation to accuracy. The dominant factor to be considered is the tropospheric heterogeneity, which can lead to...