In this paper, controlling the location of the tip of an L-shape beam under gravity field is investigated. The beam is covered with piezoelectric patches. The gravity filed moves the tip of beam downward and the actuators with induced voltage move the tip to the previous location. to optimize the best location and voltages for actuators, the particle swarm optimization algorithm code is develop...

Pile foundations are relatively vulnerable to lateral loads. During liquefaction-induced lateral spreading, this vulnerability is particularly conspicuous due to a loss of strength and stiffness in the liquefied soil. A nonlinear effective stress analysis incorporating an elastoplastic constitutive model based on Finite Difference Method (FLAC2D program) was used to numerically simulate shake t...

Reducing the settlements of soft foundation effectively is a critical problem of high-speed railway construction in China. The new CFG pile-slab structure composite foundation is a ground treatment technique which is applied on CFG pile foundation and pile-slab structure composite foundation. Based on the experience of constructing Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway in China, the settlement-co...

The p-median problem is one of the discrete optimization problem in location theory which aims to satisfy total demand with minimum cost. A high-level algorithmic approach can be specialized to solve optimization problem. In recent years, meta-heuristic methods have been applied to support the solution of Combinatorial Optimization Problems (COP). Collision Bodies Optimization algorithm (CBO) a...

A macroscopic elastic description of stresses in static, preloaded granular media is derived systematically from the microscopic elasticity of individual inter-grain contacts. The assumed preloaded state and friction at contacts ensure that the network of inter-grain contacts is not altered by small perturbations. The texture of this network, set by the preparation of the system, is encoded in ...

This paper presents Direction based Hazard Routing Protocol (DHRP) for disseminating information about fixed road hazards such as road blocks, tree fall, boulders on road, snow pile up, landslide, road maintenance work and other obstacles to the vehicles approaching the hazardous location. The proposed work focuses on dissemination of hazard messages on highways with sparse traffic. The vehicle...

in this paper, the effects of roll center height of mcpherson suspension mechanism on dynamic behaviour of a vehicle is studied first and then the optimum location of roll center of this suspension system is determined for a conceptual class a vehicle. adams/car software was used for analysis of vehicle dynamic behaviour in different positions of suspension roll center, then optimization proces...

compared to conventional chlorination methods which apply chlorine at water treatment plant, booster chlorination has almost solved the problems of high dosages of chlorine residuals near water sources and lack of chlorine residuals in the remote points of a water distribution system (wds). however, control of trihalomethane (thm) formation as a potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-product ...

The principal objective of this thesis is to assess the capabilities of an already established analytical framework for understanding and predicting the behavior of piles driven in highly overconsolidated clays (OCR24). The skin friction mobilized during pile loading to failure depends on the sequence of preceding events, i.e. pile installation and soil consolidation. This research utilizes the...