Quantum computing is a sought after technology that will greatly increase the speed and security of computations and communications. The understanding of quantum computing and information technology is dependent upon the understanding of quantum interactions. The difference between current computers and quantum computers lies in the fundamental units of information utilized. The qubit, which is...

Electromagnetic interactions play a central role in low energy physics. They are responsible for the cohesion of atoms and molecules and they are at the origin of the emission and absorption of light by such systems. This light is not only a source of information on the structure of atoms. It can also be used to act on atoms, to manipulate them, to control their various degrees of freedom. With...

Direct photons are a powerful probe to study the properties of the unique matter created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. They carry information on the various stages of a heavy-ion collision. At different transverse momenta (pT), different production processes dominate the direct photon yield in heavy-ion collisions. Photons at high pT can be used to study initial hard scattering pro...

BACKGROUND We previously found that S100P, a member of the S100 protein family, is expressed in more than 90% of pancreatic tumors and is associated with tumor growth and invasion. In the current study, we investigated the ability of the antiallergy drug, cromolyn, to block S100P function. METHODS Interactions between cromolyn and S100P were investigated using a drug affinity column and by ex...

An important radiative process, used in several astrophysical contexts to generate high energy photons, is the inverse compton scattering. In this process, relativistic electrons transfer part of their kinetic energy to low energy photons thereby creating high energy photons. Conventional text book derivation (Rybicki & Lightman 1979) of this process uses the photon picture, kinematics of elect...

Introduction: Radiotherapy plays a vital role in cancer treatment. To establish a new potency in radiosensitize tumor cells, delivery of High-Z materials is offered. To date, several simulation geometries have been applied to define simulation sets. The clustering of nanoparticles (NPs) within the cells is a prominent parameter usually ignored in simulation studies. <stro...

Introduction: Scatter radiation is one of the major sources of error in nuclear medicine data processing. Different methods of scatter correction have been introduced in order to improve the quality of data. However the best method is to avoid recording of scatter photons in acquisition. The only difference between scattered and non-scattered photons is the energy. Pulse height analyzer i...

This paper investigates an analytical derivation of the distribution of the number of neutrons and photons emitted by a multiplying sample. The relationship between the statistics of the generated and detected neutrons and photons is also described. The analytical model described in this paper accounts for absorption, thus extending the model presented in previous studies. By using this new, im...

The use of quantum mechanical properties for information processing, the socalled quantum information processing (QIP) has become an increasingly popular research field in the last two decades. It turned out that single photons are the most reliable long distance carriers of quantum information, e.g., tools to connect different processing nodes in QIP. While several methods exist to produce sin...