The removal of a mixture four veterinary antibiotics (VA) – tetracycline (TET), ciprofloxacin (CIP), sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) via photo-degradation (UVC) photocatalysis with TiO2 (UVC/TiO2) was investigated in batch reactor under different initial concentrations (20, 100, 500 1000 ?g/L per antibiotic). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometr...

Presynaptic kainate receptors (KARs) modulate transmission between dentate granule cells and CA3 pyramidal neurons. Whether presynaptic KARs affect other synapses made by granule cell axons [mossy fibers (MFs)], on hilar mossy cells or interneurons, is not known. Nor is it known whether glutamate release from a single MF is sufficient to activate these receptors. Here, we monitor Ca(2+) in iden...

Local expression of cellular and molecular signals is required for normal neuronal migration and differentiation during neocortical development and during periods of plasticity in the adult brain. We have previously shown that neonatal and juvenile mice that induction of apoptotic degeneration in neocortical pyramidal neurons by targeted photolysis provides an altered environment that directs m...