Exposure of bovine pulmonary-arterial endothelial cells to the oxidant lipid t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-Bu-OOH) increases cell-membrane-associated phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and stimulates arachidonic acid (AA) release. To test the hypothesis that a membrane-associated serine esterase plays an important role in activating PLA2, the present study was undertaken. In addition to increasing PLA...

The genes encoding group IIE phospholipase A2, abbreviated as IIE PLA2, and its 5' and 3' flanking regions of Crotalinae snakes such as Protobothrops flavoviridis, P. tokarensis, P. elegans, and Ovophis okinavensis, were found and sequenced. The genes consisted of four exons and three introns and coded for 22 or 24 amino acid residues of the signal peptides and 134 amino acid residues of the ma...

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) constitutes a diverse superfamily of enzymes which catalyze the deacylation of phospholipids. At least four types of PLA2 are potentially involved in arachidonic acid release in cells and tissues. Since all of them catalyze the same enzymatic reaction, it is difficult to distinguish between them in mixtures of enzymes normally present in biological samples. Utilizing spe...

AIMS To identify factors that influence plasma levels and assess the prognostic value of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity in a prospective, population-based survey of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS The Bruneck study is a prospective, population-based survey initiated in 1990. Lp-PLA2 activity and baseline variables for the c...

Citicoline (CDP-choline) has undergone 13 phase III clinical stroke trials, and is being evaluated for treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Phospholipid degradation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are major factors causing neuronal injury in CNS trauma and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid, which is released by the action of phosp...

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from bee venom against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells (Treg) in mice. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used antipyretic and analgesic, but an acute or cumulative overdose of acetaminophen can cause severe hepatic failure. Tregs have been reported to possess protective...

OBJECTIVE Pharmacological effects of carvacrol such as its anti-inflammatory activities have been shows. In this study the effects of carvacrol on serum levels of total protein (TP), phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and histamine in sensitized guinea pigs was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sensitized guinea pigs were given drinking water alone (group S), drinking water containing three concentration...

We have shown previously that a group IIA phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is responsible for the potent bactericidal activity of inflammatory fluids against many Gram-positive bacteria. To exert its antibacterial activity, this PLA2 must first bind and traverse the bacterial cell wall to produce the extensive degradation of membrane phospholipids (PL) required for bacterial killing. In this study, we h...

Cerebral artery stenosis (CAS) is the most important causes of ischaemic stroke. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) plays 2 diverse roles in atherosclerosis (pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory), and the association between Lp-PLA2 mass and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events is inconsistent among previous studies. A cross-sectional study including 2012 North Chinese adul...

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have suggested above-normal turnover of membrane phospholipids in brains of patients with schizophrenia. One possible explanation for these findings is increased activity of the phospholipid-catabolizing enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2). However, attempts to demonstrate higher PLA2 activity in the serum of subjects with schizophrenia have led to ...