We examine the mechanisms that support interaction between lexical, phonological and phonetic processes during language production. Studies of the phonetics of speech errors have provided evidence that partially activated lexical and phonological representations influence phonetic processing. We examine how these interactive effects are modulated by lexical frequency. Previous research has demo...

Contemporary psycholinguistic models suggest that there may be dual routes operating in phonetic encoding: a direct route which uses stored syllabic units, and an indirect route which relies on the on-line assembly of sub-syllabic units. The more computationally efficient direct route is more likely to be used for high frequency words, while the indirect route is most likely to be used for nove...

Event-related potentials, recorded through a 128-electrode net, were used to study phonemic processing in the human auditory system. Within a stream of identical syllables, acoustic deviants were introduced that either crossed a phonetic boundary or remained within the same category. Two phonetic boundaries were explored, one present and the other absent in the subjects' native language. A larg...

This article presents a study of individual variation in computer-mediated communication. Different reduction processes, which reduce the formality and usually the orthographical form of an expression, are used at varying frequencies by non-native speakers of English in academic textchat seminars. Such processes are classified into four categories: clipping, homophone respelling, phonetic respe...

The growing use of information technologies such as mobile devices has had a major social and technological impact such as the growing use of Short Message Services (SMS), a communication system broadly used by cellular phone users. In 2011, it was estimated over 5.6 billion of mobile phones sending between 30 and 40 SMS at month. Hence the great importance of analyzing representation and norma...

Approximate string matching is used for spelling correction and personal name matching. In this paper we show how to use string matching techniques in conjunction with lexicon indexes to find approximate matches in a large lexicon. We test several lexicon indexing techniques, including n-grams and permuted lexicons, and several string matching techniques, including string similarity measures an...

Phonetic accommodation is the process in which a speaker becomes more phonetically similar to his or her interlocutor over the course of a conversation. This experiment investigates phonetic accommodation in the English speech of Mandarin speakers after exposure to a model speaker who shares their language background. The results show that when including phones, tasks, and conditions as depende...

Past research has uncovered a surprising paradox: Although 14-month-olds have exquisite phonetic discrimination skills (e.g., distinguishing [b] from [d]), they have difficulty using phonetic detail when mapping novel words to objects in laboratory tasks (confusing bin and din). While some have attributed infants' difficulty to immature word learning abilities, the hypothesis presented herein i...

Phonetic typing using the English alphabet has become widely popular nowadays for social media and chat services. As a result, text containing various Bangla words phrases increasingly common. Existing transliteration tools display poor performance such texts. This paper proposes robust Three-stage Hybrid Transliteration (THT) framework that can transliterate both phonetic typed satisfactorily....

This paper consists five sections. The first section provides a general preview of language phonemes and some phonological conditions, it also deals with phonemic cases in Kurdish language. As far as the second is concerned, elision change these sounds their roles assimilation formation new words are stated. third clarifies influences changing simple out compound words. Similarly, four explains...