After endothelial damage in vivo, there is an induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the underlying smooth muscle cells. We hypothesized that intrinsic factors could induce NOS independently of blood elements. This was tested using an in vitro organ culture technique. Rat aortas with endothelium removed before 24-h organ culture (ERB) failed to constrict to phenylephrine after culture, whe...

Chavada et al / Physical Chemistry 17(1) (2015) 6-15 7 2004; Sirajuddin et al., 2007) electrochemical (Fan et al., 2011; Ghadimi et al., 2013; Özcan and Sahin, 2011; Khaskheli et al., 2013) and chromatographic techniques (McEvoy et al., 2007; Mostafa, 2010; Németh, 2008). The rationale for the present work was to develop and validate four accurate, precise, simple and economical spectrophotomet...

INTRODUCTION phenylephrine is used daily during anesthesia for treating hypotension. However, the effects of phenylephrine on cardiac output (CO) are not clear. We hypothesized that the impact of phenylephrine on cardiac output is related to preload dependency. METHODS eight pigs were studied at a preload independent stage (after CO augmentation) and at a preload dependent stage (after a 21 m...

Background: To evaluate the pain responses of premature neonates after the instillation of mydriatic eye drops (Mydrin-P; 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride) for retinal examination. Methods: Fifty premature infants (100 eyes) of birth weight (≤ 1501 g) or gestational age (≤ 32 w) who underwent Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) examinations between December 2014 and June 2015 ...

In 12-15-day pregnant rat myometrium, spikes of the longitudinal muscle were discharged spontaneously in burst, while the circular muscle had predominantly a plateau potential. In the longitudinal muscle, phenylephrine (10(-7) g/ml) slightly decreased the duration of the burst discharge and suppressed the contraction by beta-adrenoreceptor stimulation. In the circular muscle, phenylephrine (10(...

BACKGROUND In our routine practice, we observed a reduced incidence of fetal acidosis (umbilical artery pH < 7.20) at cesarean delivery during spinal anesthesia when a combination of phenylephrine and ephedrine was used as first line vasopressor therapy, compared with using ephedrine alone. METHODS The study was randomized and double blind. It compared phenylephrine 100 microg/ml (phenylephri...

Targeted maximum likelihood methods have been proposed to estimate treatment effects for longitudinal data in the presence of time-dependent confounders. This class of methods has been mathematically proven to be doubly robust and to optimize the asymptotic estimating efficiency among the class of regular, semi-parametric estimators when all estimated density components are correctly specified....

BACKGROUND More than 300 million travelers visit regions with poor hygiene annually. A significant percentage of them become colonized by resistant intestinal bacteria such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) and may transmit the strains to others and to medical care settings when they return home. Despite the threats to global healthcare caused by an upsu...

We use the methods developed with M. Lyubich for proving complex bounds for real quadratics to extend E. De Faria's complex a priori bounds to all critical circle maps with an irrational rotation number. The contracting property for renormalizations of critical circle maps follows. As another application of our methods we present a new proof of theorem of C. Pe-tersen on local connectivity of s...