Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic agent, is widely used for inducing and maintaining anesthesia during surgical procedures and for sedating intensive care unit patients. In the clinic, rapid elimination is one of the major advantages of propofol. Meanwhile, the biotransformation and drug interactions of propofol in rat livers are still little known. In this study, we evaluated the ring-oxidat...

Earlier studies showed that phenobarbital feeding enhanced hepatic tumorigenesis in rats previously fed 2-acetylaminofluorene for a brief period. As part of an investigation of the mechanism of this enhancement, the present study evaluated the relative enhancing abilities of amobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), agents that resemble phenobarbital to varying ...

EEG recording is used in veterinary medicine as a diagnostic tool to support clinical diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy and to identify focal seizure activity. This retrospective study was designed to compare EEG procedures in 23 dogs with idiopathic epilepsy before and after phenobarbital treatment. Differences among standard deviations for particular bands were significant. During phenobarbita...

Purpose: Intravenous phenobarbital has not been available at our institution since 2019. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oral loading a dose 15 20 mg/kg achieve therapeutic serum levels and clinical seizure control in pediatric patients with acute repetitive seizures.Methods: is retrospective single-center review medical records admitted for seizures (from January 2019 June 2...

AIMS Phenobarbital is commonly used to treat status epilepticus in resource-poor countries. Although a dose of 20 mg kg(-1) is recommended, this dose, administered intramuscularly (i.m.) for prophylaxis, is associated with an increase in mortality in children with cerebral malaria. We evaluated a 15-mg kg(-1) intravenous (i.v.) dose of phenobarbital to determine its pharmacokinetics and clinica...

Chronic administration of high doses of anticonvulsant drugs frequently produces classic osteomalacia with bone histologic changes characteristic of increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) effect in man. However, several reports have documented defects in calcified tissue metabolism suggestive of an end-organ resistance to PTH after chronic anticonvulsant drug therapy. To examine the direct action ...

BACKGROUND Imepitoin was tested as a combination treatment with phenobarbital in an open-label mono-centre cohort study in dogs with drug-resistant epilepsy. Diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy was based on clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Three cohorts were treated. In cohort A, dogs not responding to phenobarbital with or without established add-on ...

Cytochromes P-450IIB1 and P-450IIB2 were recently shown to be inducible in rat hepatocyte cultures maintained on a reconstituted extracellular tumor matrix (Matrigel) as indicated by increases in P-450IIB1 and -IIB2 mRNAs and immunoreactive proteins (J. Cell. Physiol., 134: 309-323, 1988). Here we show that treatment of cultured rat hepatocytes with phenobarbital and other compounds known to in...

Phenobarbital induction of transcription of CYP2B genes is mediated by an enhancer, termed a phenobarbital responsive unit (PBRU), approximately 2000 bp 5' of the transcription start site. To further delineate the mechanism of phenobarbital induction, protein binding in native chromatin and the nucleosomal structure of the PBRU and proximal promoter were examined in liver and kidney, in which t...

35 epileptic patients, aged 10 to 58 years (mean 23), who were taking anticonvulsant drugs were studied. the patients exhibited a 34% reduction in serum calcium levels, a 41 % increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity and a slight but insignificant decrease in serum phosphate, compared to untreated controls. these changes appear to be related to the anticonvulsant drug taken, in the follo...