The inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins (CDs) with flavones in aqueous solution were investigated by phase solubility measurements. The effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl) β-cyclodextrin (DM-β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) on the aqueous solubility of three flavones, namely, chrysin, apigenin and luteolin was investigated, respectively. Solubility enh...

A case study of cerussite-dominated mine tailings (5-7 wt% Pb) from the former lead-zinc Grogwynion Mine, Mid Wales (UK), is presented with the objective of providing an improved understanding of the chemical speciation that controls element release from the waste in the short and long term. An experimental and modelling approach was used to examine the effects of pH changes in fresh waters int...

In this article, the mutual solubility of tocopherols from crude palm oil was studied using carbon dioxide as a solvent at the temperatures of 80, 100 and 120 °C. Each sample from the phase equilibrium unit contained two parts. The liquid part was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in order to measure the tocopherol composition and, on the other hand, the vapor phase was conducted in an expans...

Absorption and fluorescence experiments on pheophytin and chlorophyll containing lipid bilayer vesicles are reported. Pheophytin aggregates on the vesicles are established from an additional red shifted band (at 695 nm) in the absorption spectrum. These aggregates contain pheophytin in an arrangement with the molecular planes of the porphyrin rings being parallel and cover about 10% of the vesi...

Several attempts have been made to improve the solubility of water insoluble drugs. Over the years, inclusion complexation of drugs with β-cyclodextrin has emerged as a viable attempt to improve the dissolution of water insoluble drugs. The aim of the present work was to improve the dissolution rate of lovastatin, a water insoluble drug, by inclusion complexation with β-cyclodextrin. The stoich...

Propanidid is a short acting anaesthetic with poor solubility in water. It was formerly marketed for clinical use as an intravenous (i.v.) anaesthetic in Cremophor EL (Epontol, propanidid 50 mg ml) but this was withdrawn due to anaphylactoid reactions to the vehicle. This paper reports on an aqueous formulation using hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HP-b-CD) as a solubiliser. Phase solubility anal...

The effect of brain ceramide on the maximum solubility of cholesterol in ternary mixtures of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), cholesterol, and ceramide was investigated at 37 degrees C by a cholesterol oxidase (COD) reaction rate assay and by optical microscopy. The COD reaction rate assay showed a sharp increase in cholesterol chemical potential as the cholesterol mole ...

The liquid crystal phase behavior of linear and partially flexible hard-sphere chain fluids and the solubility of hard spheres in hard-sphere chain fluids are studied by constant pressure Monte Carlo simulations. An extensive study on the phase behavior of linear fluids with a length of 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 20 beads is carried out. The phase behavior of partially flexible fluids...

This paper presents trends in the high pressure solubility measurements of long chain saturated methyl esters (methyl decanoate, methyl dodecanoate, methyl tetradecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate and methyl docosanoate) in supercritical ethane between 313 K and 353 K and for mass fractions between 0.65 and 0.018. The data shows generally a linear relationship between the solu...