In this study, we aimed to identify the macrophyte pattern and diversity under exposure substantial hydromorphological degradation in rivers, taking into account water quality factor. The study was based on 190 small medium lowland rivers Poland that had experienced channel alterations. number of taxa identified (153 species) consistent with natural/seminatural average species richness for surv...

In agriculture, weeds cause direct damage to the crop, and it primarily affects crop yield potential. Manual mechanical weeding methods consume a lot of energy time do not give efficient results. Chemical weed control is still best way weeds. However, widespread large-scale use herbicides harmful environment. Our study's objective propose an model for smart system detect in crops real-time usin...

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of industrial activities on heavy metals status in wastewater, sludge and flora bank selected main drains Hayatabad Industrial estate, Peshawar. Plants, wastewater samples sites were collected analyzed for distribution; cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) zinc (Zn) levels. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) values calculated plants (Phalaris mino...

Reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) is a widely distributed invasive species that dominates many natural areas and restoration sites. Cost-effective suppression and restoration strategies need to be developed for plant communities affected by this species. Pretreatments designed to disrupt rhizome apical dominance may augment herbicide performance by making reed canarygrass rhizomes more su...

Phalaris brachystachys is a common and troublesome weed in winter cereals in Mediterranean countries. A deterministic model was developed to simulate P. brachystachys seedbank dynamics in the wheat-sunflower rotation, a commonly practiced cropping system in southern Spain, under different herbicide-based management scenarios: no herbicide application, full herbicide dose (standard rate) and two...