Background: Medical malpractice is one of the most important legal issues in medicine committed more or less by physicians. The medical staff has inadequate or deficient awareness of medical errors and their importance. Therefore, this study investigated the frequency of medical malpractices/errors resulting in death in files referred to the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization. Methods: The st...

the debate over the discriminatory contracts is one of the highly contentious subjects of the competition law in various legal systems. in these contracts the contracting firm, in similar circumstances, unduly discriminates between other contracting parties with respect to the price or the contractual conditions and charge different prices and conditions for the same products. one of the most c...

By QoS (Quality of Service), we often refer to a set of quality requirements on the collective behavior of one or more objects. These requirements enable the provision of better service to certain data flows. The developer can either increase the priority of a data flow or limit the priority of another data flow, in order to tune the proper “parameters” that support quality requirements. Nowada...

This paper discusses a GIS based decision support system that supports the petroleum upstream investment decision-making. Functions of prospect screening and evaluation in both technical aspects (Volume, structure, trap, reservoir and charge, etc.) and economic aspects (Net present value, Investment / profit Ratio, etc.) are designed and integrated into a GIS platform to supports and facilitate...

Real-world transactions are often limited: Not all contracts are legal. As a result, I show economic examples where the only way to achieve first-best is as follows. First, the parties contractually commit to a different and ineffi cient different outcome. Then, they secretly violate the contract and coordinate play on first-best. If the parties were to contractually commit to first best, they ...

nowadays in commercial contracts, parties communicate with together using standard forms. both the party's standards forms usually contain a description of the subject-matter, the price, the quantity and the delivery terms. such a situation is called the battle of forms. in such a case some questions are raised. does the exchange of the conflicting forms create a contract? if so, what are ...